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Table 5 Bivariate distribution of selected birth companionship variables by demographic and facility characteristics, PQCC study 2016

From: Companionship during facility-based childbirth: results from a mixed-methods study with recently delivered women and providers in Kenya

 

Desire for labor support

Desire for delivery support

Last birth

Future birth

Last birth

Future birth

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

Age

 15 to 19 years

128

82.1

108

66.7*

73

46.8*

58

35.8

 20 to 29 years

352

79.6

327

64

144

32.6

137

26.9

 30 to 48 years

142

82.6

139

68.1

55

32

62

30.4

Marital Status

 Not married

149

86.6

125

65.8**

81

47.1**

65

34.2*

 Currently married

473

79.1

449

65.4

191

31.9

192

28

Number of births

 1.0

233

85

190

65.5

122

44.5**

108

37.2*

 2.0

134

82.2

132

71.4

55

33.7

51

27.7

 3.0

105

76.6

103

63.2

38

27.7

37

22.7

 4 or more

150

76.5

149

62.3

57

29.1

61

25.5

Education

 No school/Primary

336

79.1

321

64.8

137

32.2

141

28.5

 Post-primary/Vocational/Secondary

202

82.1

182

67.2

99

40.2

78

28.8

 College or above

84

84.8

71

64

36

36.4

38

34.2

Literacy

 No, cannot write

22

78.6

22

71

9

32.1*

6

19.4

 Yes, but with some difficulty

94

77

98

69.5

28

23

38

27

 Yes, Very well

506

81.6

454

64.4

235

37.9

213

30.3

Household wealth

 Poorest/poorer

260

78.3

251

66.1

103

31**

104

27.4

 Middle

98

80.3

86

63.7

39

32

33

24.4

 Richer/richest

264

83.5

237

65.5

130

41.1

120

33.1

Employed

 No

452

78.5*

402

61.1***

200

34.7

184

28

 Yes

170

87.6

172

78.5

72

37.1

73

33.3

Pregnancy complication

 No

346

80.3

309

62.6*

149

34.6

144

29.1

 Yes

276

81.4

265

69.2

123

36.3

113

29.6

Birth Complication

 No

517

81.7

468

64.9

224

35.4

210

29.2

 Yes

105

76.6

106

67.9

48

35

47

30.1

Past health facility delivery

 No

265

84.1

225

65.8

140

44.4***

122

35.7**

 Yes

357

78.5

349

65.2

132

29

135

25.3

ANC visits

 Less than 4

196

81.7

190

66.2

86

35.8

91

31.8

 4 plus

423

80.4

380

65

183

34.8

163

27.9

Tribe

 Luo

407

82.1

370

63.4

167

33.7

143

24.5***

 Kuria

160

80

146

70.2

71

35.5

79

38

 Other

55

74.3

58

68.2

34

45.9

35

41.2

Religion

 Catholic

180

83.7

155

64

73

34

72

29.8**

 Protestant/Pentecostal

129

78.2

125

65.4

72

43.6

77

40.5

 Seventh Day Adventist

196

83.1

184

70

79

33.5

73

27.8

 Other Christian

108

76.1

102

61.4

44

31

33

19.9

 Muslim/other religion

9

75

8

53.3

4

33.3

2

13.3

Delivery facility type

 Gov’t Hospital

294

79.7

256

63.4

133

36

130

32.3

 Gov’t Health Center

251

82.8

248

68.5

100

33

89

24.6

 Mission/Private facility

77

78.6

70

63.1

39

39.8

38

34.2

Delivery provider

 Nurse/Midwife

472

81.7

438

66.8

211

36.5

203

31

 Doctor/Clinical Officer

94

79

84

61.3

35

29.4

29

21.2

 Non-skilled attendant

13

76.5

14

66.7

6

35.3

6

28.6

 1plus skilled providers

43

76.8

38

60.3

20

35.7

19

30.2

Delivery Provider sex

 Male

235

79.9

215

65.3

108

36.7

104

31.6

 Female

363

81.6

337

65.6

152

34.2

141

27.5

 Both

24

77.4

22

64.7

12

38.7

12

35.3

Accompanied by

 Partner

  No

443

85.7***

412

66

209

40.4***

195

31.3*

  Yes

179

70.8

162

64

63

24.9

62

24.5

 Mother-in-law

  No

419

79.8

401

63.4

180

34.3

168

26.6*

  Yes

203

82.9

173

70.6

92

37.6

89

36.5

 Mother

  No

534

79.9

504

65*

224

33.5*

221

28.6

  Yes

88

86.3

70

68.6

48

47.1

36

35.3

 Sister/Sister in law

  No

476

78.9*

456

64.2

212

35.2

206

29.1

  Yes

146

87.4

118

70.7

60

35.9

51

30.5

 Friend/Neighbor

  No

532

81.1

504

66.1

222

33.8*

222

29.1

  Yes

90

78.9

70

61.4

50

43.9

35

30.7

 Facility crowded

  No or a few times

428

83.4*

400

67.7

185

36.1

174

29.4

  Most or all the time

192

75.3

172

60.6

86

33.7

82

28.9

 Allowed continuous labor support

  No or a few times

162

68.1***

146

53.1***

    

  Most or all the time

459

86.6

428

71.3

    

 Allowed continuous delivery support

  No or a few times

    

137

25.4***

139

22.8***

  Most or all the time

    

135

58.4

118

44.2

Total

622

80.8

574

65.5

272

35.3

257

29.3

  1. * p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001