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Table 2 Perceived barriers to leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy, numbers at inclusion (n = 589) and at the end of the intervention (n = 509)

From: How does a lifestyle intervention during pregnancy influence perceived barriers to leisure-time physical activity? The Norwegian fit for delivery study, a randomized controlled trial

Barriers

Gestational week 16.1 ± 2.4

P-value

Gestational week 35.4 ± 1.0

P-value

 

n (%)

% (95% CIa)

 

n (%)

% (95% CIa)

 
 

Intervention

(n = 295)

Control

(n = 294)

Group difference

 

Intervention

(n = 255)

Control

(n = 254)

Group difference

 

Intrapersonal

Health related

... problems with mobility

5 (1.7)

5 (1.7)

0.0 (−2.4 to 2.4)

1.0

73 (24.7)

90 (30.6)

6.6 (−1.5 to 14.5)

0.119

... afraid to get hurt/injured

3 (1.0)

1 (0.3)

0.7 (−1.2 to 2.6)

0.624

17 (5.8)

13 (4.4)

1.5 (−2.7 to 5.9)

0.454

... physical health/medical causes

10 (3.4)

11 (3.7)

0.4 (−2.8 to 3.5)

0.824

33 (11.2)

36 (12.2)

1.1 (−4.9 to 7.1)

0.701

... due to nausea

2 (0.7)

1 (0.3)

0.3 (−1.2 to 2.1)

1.0

15 (5.1)

21 (7.1)

2.3 (−2.2 to 7.0)

0.302

... fear of urinary incontinence

0 (0.0)

1 (0.3)

0.3 (−0.9 to 1.8)

1.0

6 (2.0)

4 (1.4)

0.7 (−1.9 to 3.6)

0.752

...pelvic girdle pain

24 (8.1)

28 (9.5)

0,9 (−3.7 to 5.7)

0.562

90 (30.5)

93 (31.6)

1.0 (−7.3 to 9.3)

0.791

Not health related

... insufficient time

119 (40.3)

122 (41.5)

0.8 (−7.0 to 8.7)

0.803

22 (8.6)

38 (14.9)

6.3 (0.1 to 12.1)

0.030

... negative experiences

15 (5.1)

12 (4.1)

1.0 (−2.5 to 4.5)

0.555

6 (2.0)

3 (1.0)

1.2 (−1.4 to 4.0)

0.505

... I do not believe I can do it

14 (4.7)

10 (3.4)

1.3 (−1.9 to 4.7)

0.405

3 (1.0)

10 (3.4)

2.7 (−0.1 to 6.0)

0.050

... I do not have the energy

102 (34.6)

102 (34.7)

0.1 (−7.5 to 7.8)

1.0

104 (35.3)

91 (31.0)

5.0 (−3.5 to 13.3)

0.258

...lack of interest

80 (27.1)

97 (33.0)

5.8 (−1.5 to 13.1)

0.129

17 (5.8)

27 (9.2)

3.9 (−1.1 to 8.9)

0.117

... I am afraid to go out

9 (3.1)

9 (3.1)

0.0 (−3.0 to 3.0)

1.0

3 (1.0)

1 (0.3)

0.7 (−1.2 to 3.0)

0.624

... afraid to harm to the baby

71 (24.1)

72 (24.5)

0.4 (−6.4 to 7.3)

0.924

8 (2.7)

25 (8.5)

6.7 (2.4 to 11.2)

0.002

Interpersonal

... lack of exercise companion

57 (19.3)

41 (13.9)

5.4 (−0.5 to 11.5)

0.078

13 (4.4)

16 (5.4)

1.2 (−3.0 to 5.4)

0.568

Environmental

... transportation problems

12 (4.1)

11 (3.7)

0.3 (−2.9 to 3.7)

0.832

9 (3.1)

3 (1.0)

2.4 (−0.4 to 5.5)

0.142

... the scheduled time doesn’t fit me

21 (7.1)

30 (10.2)

3.1 (−1.5 to 7.8)

0.188

6 (2.0)

4 (1.4)

0.8 (−1.9 to 3.6)

0.752

... lack of exercise options

2 (0.7)

4 (1.4)

0.7 (−1.3 to 2.8)

0.686

2 (0.7)

6 (2.0)

1.6 (−0.8 to 4.3)

0.286

... lack of activities that interests me

21 (7.1)

14 (4.8)

2.4 (−1.5 to 6.4)

0.223

7 (2.4)

7 (2.4)

0.0 (−3.4 to 3.2)

1.0

Policy ... I cannot afford it

28 (9.5)

27 (9.2)

0.3 (−4.4 to 5.2)

0.888

2 (0.7)

3 (1.0)

0.4 (−1.8 to 2.7)

1.0

Other reason

66 (22.4)

55 (18.7)

3.8 (−2.7 to 10.3)

0.264

54 (18.3)

52 (17.7)

0.9 (−6.2 to 7.9)

0.831

  1. aCI; Confidence Interval