Barriers | Gestational week 16.1 ± 2.4 | P-value | Gestational week 35.4 ± 1.0 | P-value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | % (95% CIa) | n (%) | % (95% CIa) | |||||
Intervention (n = 295) | Control (n = 294) | Group difference | Intervention (n = 255) | Control (n = 254) | Group difference | |||
Intrapersonal | ||||||||
Health related | ||||||||
... problems with mobility | 5 (1.7) | 5 (1.7) | 0.0 (−2.4 to 2.4) | 1.0 | 73 (24.7) | 90 (30.6) | 6.6 (−1.5 to 14.5) | 0.119 |
... afraid to get hurt/injured | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | 0.7 (−1.2 to 2.6) | 0.624 | 17 (5.8) | 13 (4.4) | 1.5 (−2.7 to 5.9) | 0.454 |
... physical health/medical causes | 10 (3.4) | 11 (3.7) | 0.4 (−2.8 to 3.5) | 0.824 | 33 (11.2) | 36 (12.2) | 1.1 (−4.9 to 7.1) | 0.701 |
... due to nausea | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 0.3 (−1.2 to 2.1) | 1.0 | 15 (5.1) | 21 (7.1) | 2.3 (−2.2 to 7.0) | 0.302 |
... fear of urinary incontinence | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 0.3 (−0.9 to 1.8) | 1.0 | 6 (2.0) | 4 (1.4) | 0.7 (−1.9 to 3.6) | 0.752 |
...pelvic girdle pain | 24 (8.1) | 28 (9.5) | 0,9 (−3.7 to 5.7) | 0.562 | 90 (30.5) | 93 (31.6) | 1.0 (−7.3 to 9.3) | 0.791 |
Not health related | ||||||||
... insufficient time | 119 (40.3) | 122 (41.5) | 0.8 (−7.0 to 8.7) | 0.803 | 22 (8.6) | 38 (14.9) | 6.3 (0.1 to 12.1) | 0.030 |
... negative experiences | 15 (5.1) | 12 (4.1) | 1.0 (−2.5 to 4.5) | 0.555 | 6 (2.0) | 3 (1.0) | 1.2 (−1.4 to 4.0) | 0.505 |
... I do not believe I can do it | 14 (4.7) | 10 (3.4) | 1.3 (−1.9 to 4.7) | 0.405 | 3 (1.0) | 10 (3.4) | 2.7 (−0.1 to 6.0) | 0.050 |
... I do not have the energy | 102 (34.6) | 102 (34.7) | 0.1 (−7.5 to 7.8) | 1.0 | 104 (35.3) | 91 (31.0) | 5.0 (−3.5 to 13.3) | 0.258 |
...lack of interest | 80 (27.1) | 97 (33.0) | 5.8 (−1.5 to 13.1) | 0.129 | 17 (5.8) | 27 (9.2) | 3.9 (−1.1 to 8.9) | 0.117 |
... I am afraid to go out | 9 (3.1) | 9 (3.1) | 0.0 (−3.0 to 3.0) | 1.0 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | 0.7 (−1.2 to 3.0) | 0.624 |
... afraid to harm to the baby | 71 (24.1) | 72 (24.5) | 0.4 (−6.4 to 7.3) | 0.924 | 8 (2.7) | 25 (8.5) | 6.7 (2.4 to 11.2) | 0.002 |
Interpersonal | ||||||||
... lack of exercise companion | 57 (19.3) | 41 (13.9) | 5.4 (−0.5 to 11.5) | 0.078 | 13 (4.4) | 16 (5.4) | 1.2 (−3.0 to 5.4) | 0.568 |
Environmental | ||||||||
... transportation problems | 12 (4.1) | 11 (3.7) | 0.3 (−2.9 to 3.7) | 0.832 | 9 (3.1) | 3 (1.0) | 2.4 (−0.4 to 5.5) | 0.142 |
... the scheduled time doesn’t fit me | 21 (7.1) | 30 (10.2) | 3.1 (−1.5 to 7.8) | 0.188 | 6 (2.0) | 4 (1.4) | 0.8 (−1.9 to 3.6) | 0.752 |
... lack of exercise options | 2 (0.7) | 4 (1.4) | 0.7 (−1.3 to 2.8) | 0.686 | 2 (0.7) | 6 (2.0) | 1.6 (−0.8 to 4.3) | 0.286 |
... lack of activities that interests me | 21 (7.1) | 14 (4.8) | 2.4 (−1.5 to 6.4) | 0.223 | 7 (2.4) | 7 (2.4) | 0.0 (−3.4 to 3.2) | 1.0 |
Policy ... I cannot afford it | 28 (9.5) | 27 (9.2) | 0.3 (−4.4 to 5.2) | 0.888 | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) | 0.4 (−1.8 to 2.7) | 1.0 |
Other reason | 66 (22.4) | 55 (18.7) | 3.8 (−2.7 to 10.3) | 0.264 | 54 (18.3) | 52 (17.7) | 0.9 (−6.2 to 7.9) | 0.831 |