Table 4 Obstetric and neonatal outcomes among women with and without schizophrenia during delivery hospitalizations (N=23,357,461)

Death during hospitalizations

≤10 ^c

0.04

1,468

0.01

5.15 (0.73, 36.61)

3.21 (0.45, 23.11)

2.23 (0.30, 16.80)

Cesarean delivery

5,544

39.25

7,718,434

33.06

1.31 (1.22, 1.41)

1.22 (1.13, 1.31)

1.16 (1.08, 1.25)

 Vaginal birth

NA

NA

NA

 Cesarean delivery

NA

NA

NA

 Vaginal birth

25

0.18

9,526

0.04

4.73 (1.93, 11.59)

3.86 (1.58, 9.41)

3.01 (1.11, 8.13)

 Cesarean delivery

547

3.87

245,416

1.05

3.34 (2.70, 4.12)

2.71 (2.19, 3.36)

2.33 (1.86, 2.93)

Induction of labor

2,444

17.30

4,247,666

18.20

0.93 (0.85, 1.03)

0.97 (0.88, 1.07)

0.98 (0.89, 1.09)

Antepartum hemorrhage

422

2.99

356,821

1.53

1.98 (1.61, 2.44)

1.74 (1.41, 2.15)

1.18 (0.96, 1.46)

 Placental abruption

355

2.51

246,768

1.06

2.43 (1.93, 3.04)

2.08 (1.66, 2.62)

1.34 (1.06, 1.68)

Postpartum hemorrhage

446

3.16

654,043

2.80

1.14 (0.93, 1.39)

1.13 (0.93, 1.39)

1.09 (0.89, 1.34)

Spontaneous delivery <37-week gestation

2,022

14.32

1,692,651

7.25

2.14 (1.92, 2.39)

1.85 (1.65, 2.06)

1.42 (1.26, 1.59)

Stillbirth

192

1.36

153,045

0.66

2.09 (1.54, 2.83)

1.62 (1.19, 2.19)

1.28 (0.94, 1.74)

Premature rupture of membranes

803

5.68

904,679

3.88

1.50 (1.28, 1.76)

1.44 (1.24, 1.69)

1.31 (1.12, 1.53)

Excessive fetal growth

237

1.68

609,142

2.61

0.64 (0.49, 0.84)

0.72 (0.55, 0.95)

0.87 (0.66, 1.14)

Poor fetal growth

560

3.96

507,269

2.17

1.86 (1.54, 2.24)

1.61 (1.33, 1.94)

1.10 (0.91, 1.33)

Fetal distress

2,590

18.34

3,342,430

14.32

1.34 (1.22, 1.49)

1.22 (1.11, 1.35)

1.13 (1.03, 1.25)

Fetal abnormalities

373

2.64

337,978

1.45

1.85 (1.50, 2.28)

1.75 (1.41, 2.16)

1.34 (1.08, 1.66)