Table 1 Sociodemographic, medical and prenatal characteristics, and smoking status of pregnant women in Botucatu, Brazil
From: Smoking during pregnancy and harm reduction in birth weight: a cross-sectional study
Variable | Preterm delivery (n = 189) | Term delivery (n = 1124) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |
Age (years) | ||||
≤ 19 | 37 | 19.6 | 183 | 16.3 |
20–34 | 130 | 68.8 | 811 | 72.2 |
≥ 35 | 22 | 11.6 | 130 | 11.6 |
Education (years) | ||||
≤ 8 | 54 | 28.6 | 343 | 30.5 |
9–11 | 118 | 62.4 | 633 | 56.3 |
≥ 12 | 16 | 8.5 | 147 | 13.1 |
No information | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.1 |
Employed | ||||
Yes | 94 | 49.7 | 635 | 56.5 |
No | 93 | 49.2 | 489 | 43.5 |
No information | 2 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 |
Live with a partner | ||||
Yes | 157 | 84.0 | 949 | 84.4 |
No | 30 | 15.9 | 168 | 15.0 |
No information | 2 | 1.1 | 7 | 0.6 |
First pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 81 | 42.9 | 427 | 38.0 |
No | 108 | 57.1 | 697 | 62.0 |
Interval between deliveries (years)a | ||||
≤ 2 | 28 | 25.9 | 145 | 20.8 |
3–5 | 34 | 31.5 | 254 | 36.5 |
≥ 6 | 38 | 35.2 | 272 | 39.0 |
No information | 8 | 7.4 | 26 | 3.7 |
Pregestational obesity or overweight | ||||
Yes | 68 | 36.0 | 353 | 31.4 |
No | 121 | 64.0 | 771 | 68.6 |
Prenatal care in public service | ||||
Yes | 142 | 75.1 | 791 | 70.4 |
No | 44 | 23.3 | 333 | 29.6 |
No information | 3 | 1.6 | 0 | 0.0 |
Number of prenatal medical visits | ||||
≤ 7 | 86 | 45.5 | 136 | 12.1 |
8 to 14 | 81 | 42.9 | 923 | 82.1 |
≥ 15 | 4 | 2.1 | 18 | 1.6 |
No information | 18 | 9.5 | 47 | 4.2 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
Yes | 9 | 4.8 | 46 | 4.1 |
No | 179 | 94.7 | 1076 | 95.7 |
No information | 1 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.2 |
Illegal drug use | ||||
Yes | 5 | 2.6 | 9 | 0.8 |
No | 184 | 97.4 | 1115 | 99.2 |
Participation in prenatal group | ||||
Yes | 51 | 27.0 | 240 | 21.4 |
No | 126 | 66.7 | 831 | 73.9 |
No information | 12 | 6.3 | 53 | 4.7 |
Advised regarding warning signs | ||||
Yes | 112 | 59.3 | 724 | 64.4 |
No | 74 | 39.1 | 393 | 35.0 |
No information | 3 | 1.6 | 7 | 0.6 |
Use of folic acid and iron sulfate | ||||
Yes | 104 | 55.0 | 681 | 60.6 |
No | 55 | 29.1 | 443 | 39.4 |
No information | 30 | 15.9 | 0 | 0.0 |
Emotional problems | ||||
Yes | 31 | 16.4 | 179 | 15.9 |
No | 158 | 83.6 | 940 | 83.6 |
No information | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.5 |
Anemia | ||||
Yes | 5 | 2.6 | 55 | 4.9 |
No | 184 | 97.4 | 1069 | 95.1 |
High blood pressure/pre-eclampsia/eclampsia/ HELLP syndromeb | ||||
Yes | 33 | 17.5 | 58 | 5.2 |
No | 156 | 82.5 | 1066 | 94.8 |
Diabetes | ||||
Yes | 9 | 4.8 | 42 | 3.7 |
No | 180 | 95.2 | 1082 | 96.3 |
Hyperemesis | ||||
Yes | 7 | 3.7 | 30 | 2.7 |
No | 182 | 96.3 | 1094 | 97.3 |
Hemorrhage/bleeding/ threatened abortion | ||||
Yes | 19 | 10.1 | 49 | 4.4 |
No | 170 | 89.9 | 1075 | 95.6 |
Infection | ||||
Yes | 34 | 18.0 | 222 | 19.8 |
No | 155 | 82.0 | 902 | 80.2 |
Smoking in pregnancy | ||||
No | 155 | 82.0 | 982 | 87.4 |
Yes, 1 to 5 cigarettes per day | 8 | 4.2 | 41 | 3.6 |
Yes, 6 to 10 cigarettes per day | 10 | 5.3 | 56 | 5.0 |
Yes, 11 to 40 cigarettes per day | 14 | 7.4 | 30 | 2.7 |
No information | 2 | 1.1 | 15 | 1.3 |
Birth weight, median (1st and 3rd quartile) (g) | 2410 (1845–2810) | 3250 (2975–3565) | ||