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Table 4 Association between rural Chinese women’s sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic levels of the region of residence and time period of folic acid use by the multivariable logistic regression model

From: Socioeconomic inequality in periconceptional folic acid supplementation in China: a census of 0.9 million women in their first trimester of pregnancy

 

Number of Participants (%)

3 months before the last menstrual period to the end of the first trimester

1–2 months before the last menstrual period to the end of the first trimester

After the last menstrual period to the end of the first trimester

N (%)

aOR (95% CI)

N (%)

aOR (95% CI)

N (%)

aOR (95% CI)

All

907,720 (100.00)

350,738 (38.63)

 

130,683 (14.40)

 

200,894 (22.13)

 

Age (years)

 21–30

359,024 (39.79)

281,003 (38.06)

1.000

106,988 (14.49)

1.000

168,957 (22.88)

1.000

 21–39

375,056 (41.57)

66,498 (41.29)

1.08 (1.06,1.10)

22,741 (14.12)

1.00 (0.98,1.02)

30,439 (18.90)

0.87 (0.85,0.89)

 41–49

126,992 (14.07)

3237 (38.49)

0.89 (0.84,1.00)

954 (11.34)

0.73 (0.67,0.79)

1498 (17.81)

0.71 (0.66,0.76)

Years of education

  ≤ 6

38,456 (4.26)

14,813 (38.5)

1.000

6963 (18.11)

1.000

7547 (19.63)

1.000

 7–11

574,818 (63.71)

226,632 (39.4)

0.88 (0.85,0.91)

78,859 (13.72)

0.73 (0.70,0.76)

118,320 (20.58)

0.92 (0.89,0.95)

  ≥ 12

279,261 (30.95)

106,679 (38.2)

0.99 (0.96,1.02)

43,904 (15.72)

0.92 (0.88,0.96)

72,368 (25.91)

1.20 (1.16,1.25)

 Missing

9735 (1.08)

2614 (26.9)

 

957 (9.83)

 

2659 (27.31)

 

Ethic

 others

46,488 (5.15)

16,449 (35.38)

1.000

6878 (14.80)

1.000

8330 (17.92)

1.000

 Han

850,661 (94.28)

333,497 (39.2)

1.23 (1.16,1.27)

123,334 (14.50)

1.10 (1.05,1.15)

190,933 (22.45)

1.167 (1.12,1.21)

 Missing

5121(0.57)

792 (15.5)

 

471 (9.14)

 

1631 (31.84)

 

Occupation

 farmer

674,647 (74.77)

267,151 (39.60)

1.00

96,303 (14.27)

1.00

142,011 (21.05)

1.00

 worker

86,484 (9.59)

32,617 (37.71)

0.87 (0.84,0.90)

11,748 (13.58)

0.86 (0.83,0.90)

21,092 (24.39)

0.95 (0.92,0.98)

 others

125,406 (13.90)

46,375 (36.98)

0.95 (0.93,0.98)

20,767 (16.56)

1.06 (1.02,1.10)

33,628 (26.86)

1.11 (1.07,1.15)

 Missing

15,733 (1.74)

4595 (29.21)

 

1865 (11.85)

 

4163 (26.46)

 

Time at study recruitment

 2010

183,893 (20.26)

71,601 (38.94)

1.00

26,682 (14.51)

1.00

35,848 (19.49)

1.00

 2011

436,761 (48.11)

169,415 (38.79)

1.21 (1.20,1.24)

65,325 (15.00)

1.22 (1.19,1.24)

94,548 (21.65)

1.34 (1.32,1.37)

 2012

287,175 (31.63)

109,722 (38.21)

1.21 (1.19,1.23)

38,676 (13.47)

1.03 (1.01,1.06)

70,498 (24.55)

1.45 (1.42,1.48)

Per Capita Gross Regional Product

 low

492,823 (54.62)

198,539 (40.29)

1.00

75,028 (15.22)

1.00

104,872 (21.28)

1.00

 middle

307,224 (34.05)

108,850 (35.43)

0.53 (0.53,0.54)

40,969 (13.34)

0.57 (0.56,0.58)

72,710 (23.67)

0.76 (0.74,0.77)

 high

95,980 (10.64)

38,202 (39.80)

0.59 (0.57,0.61)

14,053 (14.64)

0.62 (0.59,0.64)

22,944 (23.90)

0.865 (0.832,0.9)

 higher

6243 (0.69)

5147 (82.44)

20.75 (16.20,26.58)

633 (10.14)

4.15 (3.19,5.40)

368 (5.89)

2.16 (1.65,2.83)

Per capita net income of farmer households

 low

548,559 (60.80)

214,258 (39.06)

1.00

81,937 (14.94)

1.00

119,288 (21.75)

1.00

 middle

295,584 (32.76)

110,123 (37.26)

1.176 (1.15,1.201)

39,603 (13.40)

1.22 (1.18,1.25)

67,602 (22.87)

1.08 (1.06,1.11)

 high

46,316 (5.13)

22,448 (48.47)

1.58 (1.50,1.67)

5986 (12.92)

1.52 (1.42,1.64)

10,459 (22.58)

1.85 (1.74,1.97)

 higher

11,811 (1.31)

3909 (33.10)

1.24 (1.09,1.40)

3157 (26.73)

3.08 (2.67,3.55)

3545 (30.01)

2.51 (2.20,2.85)

Per Capita Consumption Expenditure of Rural Households

 low

694,268 (76.95)

265,965 (38.31)

1.00

102,820 (14.81)

1.00

152,358 (21.95)

1.00

 middle

183,353 (20.32)

74,654 (40.72)

1.23 (1.20,1.26)

23,142 (12.62)

0.89 (0.86,0.92)

41,984 (22.90)

0.95 (0.92,0.97)

 high

24,550 (2.72)

10,051 (40.94)

1.87 (1.81,1.93)

4720 (19.23)

0.80 (0.73,0.87)

6551 (26.68)

0.91 (0.85,0.99)

 higher

99 (0.01)

68 (68.69)

1 (1.01)

0.02 (0.02,0.02)

1 (1.01)

Per Capita Cash Consumption Expenditure of Health Care and Medical Services of Rural Households

 low

601,828 (66.70)

234,989 (39.05)

1.00

85,937 (14.28)

1.00

129,945 (21.59)

1.00

 middle

231,476 (25.65)

85,046 (36.74)

0.98 (0.97,1.00)

33,865 (14.63)

1.12 (1.10,1.15)

56,783 (24.53)

1.12 (1.10,1.14)

 high

59,237 (6.57)

27,359 (46.19)

1.32 (1.30,1.37)

8259 (13.94)

1.13 (1.08,1.18)

11,271 (19.03)

0.67 (0.64,0.70)

 higher

9729 (1.08)

3344 (34.37)

1.59 (1.40,1.82)

2622 (26.95)

2.17 (1.89,2.49)

2895 (29.76)

1.46 (1.28,1.67)