Table 2 Descriptive and network characteristics of women with most recent childbirth, and by place of birth
From: Structural and functional network characteristics and facility delivery among women in rural Ghana
| Total sample (783) | Homebirth | Facility birth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive characteristics [Percent] | Percent (N)/ Mean (95% CI) | Percent (N)/ Mean (95% CI) | Percent (N)/ Mean (95% CI) |
| Age | |||
|
< 19 years 19–24 years 25–34 years 35–49 years |
37 (4.7) 216 (27.6) 391 (49.9) 139 (17.8) |
9 (2.8) 70 (21.6) 181 (55.9) 64 (19.8) |
28 (6.1) 146 (31.8) 210 (45.8) 75 (16.3)*** |
| Education | |||
|
None Primary Secondary |
369 (47.3) 208 (26.6) 206 (26.3) |
223 (68.8) 68 (21.0) 33 (10.2) |
146 (31.8) 140 (30.5) 173 (37.7)**** |
| Employment | |||
|
Paid Self employed Unpaid/ unemployed/other |
36 (4.6) 240 (30.7) 507 (64.8) |
7 (2.2) 55 (17.0) 262 (80.9) |
29 (6.3) 185 (40.3) 245 (53.4)**** |
| Household wealth | |||
|
Richest Medium Poorest |
133 (17.0) 247 (31.6) 403 (51.5) |
21 (6.5) 88 (27.2) 215 (66.4) |
112 (24.4) 159 (34.6) 188 (41.0)**** |
| Religion | |||
|
Christian Moslem None/traditional/Other |
461 (58.9) 215 (27.5) 107 (13.7) |
151 (46.6) 95 (29.3) 78 (24.1) |
310 (67.5) 120 (26.1) 29 (6.3)**** |
| Marital status | |||
|
Married/living together Not currently in union |
681 (87.0) 102 (13.0) |
304 (93.8) 20 (6.2) |
377 (82.1) 82 (17.9)**** |
| Ethnicity | |||
|
Akan Mole-Dadgbani Grum Other |
337 (43.0) 193 (24.7) 106 (13.5) 147 (18.8) |
72 (22.2) 89 (27.5) 69 (21.3) 94 (29.0) |
265 (57.7) 104 (22.6) 37 (8.1) 53 (11.6)**** |
| Parity | |||
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 + |
185 (23.6) 143 (18.3) 139 (17.8) 92 (11.8) 76 (9.7) 148 (18.9) |
47 (14.5) 46 (14.2) 59 (18.2) 47 (14.5) 37 (11.4) 88 (27.2) |
138 (30.1) 97 (21.1) 80 (17.4) 45 (9.8) 39 (8.5) 60 (13.1)**** |
| Region | |||
|
Central Northern |
380 (48.5) 403 (51.5) |
87 (26.9) 237 (73.1) |
293 (63.8) 166 (36.2)**** |
| Who usually makes decision about your health care | |||
|
Husband alone Respondent alone/ both partners Other |
457 (67.1) 185 (27.2) 185 (5.7) |
235 (77.3) 50 (16.5) 19 (6.2) |
222 (58.9) 135 (35.8) 20 (5.3)**** |
| Network structure [Mean] | |||
| Network size | 3.66 (3.36–3.96) | 3.87 (3.52–4.22) | 3.51 (3.16–3.85) |
| Number of network members that respondent interacted with | 2.81 (2.56–3.07) | 3.13 (2.82–3.44) | 2.59 (2.34–2.85) |
| Number of network members that respondent lived near | 1.59 (1.43–1.76) | 1.69 (1.47–1.91) | 1.52 (1.33–1.72) |
| Social influence [Percent] | |||
| Close relatives approval of facility-based pregnancy and delivery care | |||
|
Lower approval Higher approval |
153 (19.7) 625 (80.3) |
89 (27.7) 232 (72.3) |
64 (14.0) 393 (86.0)**** |
| Close friends approval of facility-based pregnancy and delivery care | |||
|
Lower approval Higher approval |
285 (36.6) 493 (63.4) |
109 (33.8) 214 (66.2) |
176 (38.7) 279 (61.3) |
| Number of women respondent know that have gone to a facility for pregnancy-related care | |||
|
Fewer number Some Greater number |
77 (9.9) 204 (26.3) 495 (63.8) |
55 (17.1) 102 (31.7) 165 (51.2) |
22 (4.9) 102 (22.5) 330 (72.7)**** |
| Instrumental support [Percent] | |||
| There was someone to help with daily chores | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
321 (41.0) 462 (59.0) |
147 (45.4) 177 (54.6) |
174 (37.9) 285 (62.1)* |
| There was someone to help seek health care | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
264 (33.8) 518 (66.2) |
131 (40.6) 192 (59.4) |
133 (29.0) 326 (71.0)** |
| Emotional support [Percent] | |||
| There was someone to listen, if respondent had any problems | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
295 (37.7) 487 (62.3) |
120 (37.0) 204 (63.0) |
175 (38.2) 283 (61.8) |
| There was someone who could understand and support respondent through pregnancy | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
298 (38.1) 485 (61.9) |
131 (40.4) 193 (59.6) |
167 (36.4) 292 (63.6) |
| Informational support [Percent] | |||
| There was someone to give respondent advice | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
277 (35.4) 506 (64.6) |
122 (37.7) 202 (62.3) |
155 (33.8) 304 (66.2) |
| There was someone respondent could turn to for suggestions on dealing with concerns | |||
|
Less of the time More of the time |
299 (38.2) 484 (61.8) |
131 (40.4) 193 (59.6) |
168 (36.6) 291 (63.4) |