Proposed Intervention | Addressing facilitators | Addressing barriers |
---|---|---|
Male partner invitation letters | ||
Content to include men’s responsibility as the father and encourage attendance based on love for his family to help ensure a healthy pregnancy | • Sense of male responsibility • Desire to understand progression of partner’s pregnancy and receive counseling from clinic staff • Mother or child health problems requiring urgent attention | • Pregnancy considered to be the woman’s domain • Men’s fear of HIV testing |
Content to include men’s need to understand how the pregnancy is progressing and what to expect during delivery | ||
Tone should convey importance without being alarmist (though criticality should be communicated if appropriate) | ||
Letter should be written by the doctor and highlight her/his credibility in order to convey authority | ||
HIV should not be specifically mentioned | ||
Male- and couple-friendly improvements to ANC | ||
Male-specific services and counseling or greater involvement of men in ANC | • Desire to understand progression of partner’s pregnancy and receive counseling from clinic staff • To be tested for HIV | • Lack of time/work commitment • Clinic environment unwelcoming to men • Pregnancy considered to be the woman’s domain |
Reduce time spent at clinic | ||
Separate spaces for couples with available seating | ||
More attentive health workers, sensitive to the needs of couples | ||
“Expert” peer-to-peer outreach | ||
Help men to understand the importance of attending ANC and what to expect during delivery | • Sense of male responsibility • Desire to understand progression of partner’s pregnancy and receive counseling from clinic staff | • Lack of time/work commitment • Clinic environment unwelcoming to men • Pregnancy considered to be the woman’s domain |
Peers will serve as a conduit to the health facility and refer men to clinicians for counseling and services | ||
Offer men an opportunity to discuss pregnancy and other health-related issues outside the clinic and without women present |