Factors associated with recovery from 1 minute Apgar score <4 in live, singleton, term births: an analysis of Malaysian National Obstetrics Registry data 2010–2012

Table 3 A mutlivariable analysis of recovery from a critically low 1 minute to a normal 5 minute Apgar score

		Normal vaginal deliveries (N = 704)^b			Deliveries by doctors (N = 995)^c
			95% CI			95% CI
Factor		OR	Upper	Lower	OR	Upper	Lower
Age	20-29	1			1
	<20	1.46	0.74	2.81	1.69	0.99	2.89
	30-39	1.39	0.82	2.34	1.15	0.83	1.59
	40	3.23	0.56	15.72	2.57	1	7
Ethnicity	Malay	1			1
	Chinese	0.47	0.15	1.26	1.03	0.56	1.89
	Indian	5.13**	1.74	16.46	0.75	0.40	1.37
	Orang Asal	0.12***	0.04	0.29	0.34**	0.17	0.64
	Other	0.22*	0.06	0.65	1.35	0.64	2.83
	Missing	0.67	0.36	1.21	0.82	0.52	1.28
BMI	Not Obese	1			1
	Obese	1.31	0.83	2.07	1.34*	1.00	1.8
	Missing	5.34^a	0.27	77.09	0.99	0.35	2.66
Diabetes	Absent	1			1
Diabetes	Present	2.09*	1.00	4.5	1.28	0.83	1.98
Parity	1	1			1
	2-3	0.72	0.44	1.17	0.91	0.66	1.25
	4-5	0.61	0.25	1.38	0.83	0.49	1.40
	6	0.78	0.21	2.48	0.60	0.24	1.43
Hb at delivery	Hb > 11	1			1
	Hb ≤ 11	0.64	0.32	1.23	0.79	0.52	1.21
	Missing	0.81	0.51	1.28	0.63**	0.47	0.84
Baby sex	Female	1			1
	Male	1.15	0.75	1.77	0.83	0.63	1.09
	Missing^a	0.00	–	–	0.00	–	–
Birth weight	Normal	1			1
	Low	1.07	0.57	1.93	1.16	0.82	1.64
	Missing	1.88^a	0.09	14.00	1.09	0.13	7.57
Foetal distress	Absent	1			1
Foetal distress	Present	0.72	0.1	3.2	0.87	0.6	1.26
Induced	No	1			1
Induced	Yes	0.88	0.53	1.46	1.12	0.81	1.53
Delivery type	Vaginal				1
	Breech				0.34	0.08	1.07
	Vacuum Extraction				0.79	0.50	1.24
	Elective CS				2.67**	1.39	5.23
	Emerg. CS				1.70**	1.23	2.37
Delivered by	Doctor	1
Delivered by	Nurse	0.41***	0.26	0.63

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001 based on a Wald test
^aSmall cell size < 5
^bEstimates adjusted for all other variables in the table except “Delivered by”
^cEstimates adjusted for all other variables in the table except “Delivery type”
Separate sub-analyses were conducted for vaginal deliveries only comparing Doctors and Nurses (n = 704), and Doctor deliveries only comparing the type of delivery (n = 995)

ISSN: 1471-2393