Maternal 27-hydroxycholesterol concentrations during the course of pregnancy and in pregnancy pathologies

Table 3 Clinical characteristics and basic lipid profiles of the women with gestational diseases in the cross-sectional study group

	CTRL			PE			IUGR			ICP			HELLP			P-value
	Mean or %	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	Mean or %	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	Mean or %	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	Mean or %	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	Mean or %	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	Group
Maternal age (y)	30.1	28.2	31.9	31.1	27.9	34.3	30.4	27.1	33.7	31.7	25.8	37.7	37.0	32.4	41.6	0,2272
Maternal BMI (kg/m²)	24.9	22.8	26.9	26.0	23.5	28.6	22.3	19.8	24.8	23.6	19.8	27.3	25.6	17.7	33.6	0,3151
Primiparity (%)	50			57			64			71			57			0,875
Actual smoking status (%)	19			0			21			0			0			0,2501
Gestational age at blood collection (w)	33.5	31.9	35.1	33.7	30.8	36.5	32.2	28.6	35.7	35.1	31.6	38.5	33.5	28.7	38.2	0,9601
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	117.5	113.8	121.3	149.3	144.2	154.4	119.6	107.7	131.5	120.1	109.4	130.9	154.1	133.2	175.1	<0.0001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	67.2	64.4	70.0	93.8	90.4	97.2	68.6	60.7	76.4	71.0	64.1	77.9	91.3	83.7	98.8	<0,0001
WOG at delivery (w)	39.4	39.0	39.7	34.5	31.7	37.2	32.5	29.0	36.1	37.7	36.6	38.8	33.5	28.7	38.2	<0,0001
Mode of delivery (% c-section)	40			86			86			43			100			0,0013
Fetal gender (% female)	57			43			57			100			71			0,2083
Neonatal birth weight (g)	3369	3255	3483	2181	1622	2741	1348	813	1882	3123	2715	3530	1985	1147	2823	<0,0001
Neonatal weight percentile	47.3	39.6	55.0	27.9	16.8	39.1	2.1	1.4	2.9	54.2	28.0	80.4	24.6	5.3	43.9	<0,0001
TC	267.7	252.0	283.4	260.7	224.2	297.2	223.9	202.8	244.9	317.7	241.3	394.1	222.9	189.5	256.2	0,0131
LDL	150.5	137.6	163.4	144.9	117.3	172.5	111.6	94.01	129.3	206.0	141.7	270.3	111.6	84.04	139.1	0,0015
HDL	76.88	70.76	83.00	65.14	51.84	78.44	78.00	66.95	89.05	56.86	52.71	61.01	70.29	43.23	97.34	0.0356
TG	222.2	197.6	246.8	317.1	245.6	388.5	174.2	137.4	211.0	261.9	212.5	311.2	293.3	124.5	462.1	0,0121

Mean maternal age was similar in CTRL, PE, IUGR, and ICP, while mothers with HELLP tended to be older. About 20% of mothers in the IUGR group and in the CTRL group smoked during pregnancy while none of the patients in the other groups smoked. Mothers with pregnancy pathologies gave birth earlier compared to the CTRL group as indicated by the non-overlap of the 95% CIs. In the ICP group mothers were more likely to deliver girls. Mean gestational ages of the study groups at blood sampling were kept similar to the CTRL counterparts. As estimated by non-overlap of 95% CI TC and LDL levels were lower in IUGR by 17% and 25%, respectively, as compared to the CTRL group. A similar trend can be observed in the HELLP syndrome. In ICP HDL levels are 25% lower while LDL tended to be 37% higher as compared to CTRL. We found a tendency of higher TG values (+43%) in the PE group in comparison to CTRL. CTRL: control group. PE: preeclampsia. IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction. ICP: intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy. HELLP: hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome

ISSN: 1471-2393