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Table 1 Maternal characteristics of mothers delivering singleton live births and stillbirths at the district study hospitals (October 1, 2009 and March 15, 2010)

From: Maternal characteristics and obstetrical complications impact neonatal outcomes in Indonesia: a prospective study

Maternal characteristics

Live-birth

(n = 650)

Stillbirth (n = 49)

Total

(n = 699)

p value

Data collected from medical records

Maternal Age (years)

647 (100)

49 (100)

696 (100)

 

  < 20

77 (11.9)

7 (14.3)

84 (12.1)

0.294

 20–35

430 (69.6)

29 (59.2)

479 (68.8)

  > 35

143 (18.5)

13 (26.5)

133 (19.1)

 Mean ± SD

27.94 ± 7.00

29.65 ± 7.6

28.06 ± 7.05

0.101

 Range

14–50

14–44

14–50

Gravidity

648 (100)

49 (100)

697 (100)

 

 1

311 (48.0)

19 (38.8)

330 (47.3)

0.460

 2–3

246 (38.0)

14 (44.9)

268 (38.5)

 4+

91 (14)

8 (16.3)

99 (14.2)

Insurance

642 (100)

49 (100)

691 (100)

 

 Insurance for the poor

350 (54.5)

25 (51.0)

375 (54.3)

0.452

 Other insurance

37 (5.8)

5 (10.2)

42 (6.1)

 Out of pocket

255 (39.7)

19 (38.8)

274 (39.7)

Residence

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 Urban

139 (21.4)

10 (20.4)

149 (21.3)

0.872

 Rural

511 (78.6)

39 (79.6)

550 (78.7)

Referral (info from case notes)

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 Referred from other health provider

483 (74.3)

30 (61.2)

513 (73.4)

0.046

 Self referred

167 (25.7)

19 (38.8)

186 (26.6)

 Time of Admission

646 (100)

47 (100)

693 (100)

 

 Weekdays (07.01–14.00)

273 (42.3)

21 (44.7)

294 (42.4)

0.957

 (14.01–21.00)

156 (24.1)

12 (25.5)

168 (24.2)

 (21.01–07.00)

134 (20.7)

9 (19.1)

143 (20.6)

 Weekend

83 (12.9)

5 (10.6)

88 (12.7)

 Time of Delivery

535 (100)

45 (100)

580 (100)

 

 Weekdays (07.01–14.00)

239 (44.7)

18 (40)

257 (44.3)

0.202

 (14.01–21.00)

102 (19.1)

14 (31.1)

116 (20)

 (21.01–07.00)

116 (21.7)

6 (13.3)

122 (21)

 Weekends

78 (14.6)

7 (15.6)

85 (14.7)

Maternal Diagnosisa

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 Normal (or minor complications)

75 (11.5)

15 (30.6)

90 (12.9)

<0.001

 Antepartum hemorrhage

26 (4.0)

4 (8.2)

30 (4.3)

0.166

 Postpartum hemorrhage

31 (4.8)

7 (14.3)

38 (5.4)

0.005

 Severe preeclampsia/eclampsia

72 (11.1)

7 (14.3)

79 (11.3)

0.494

 Maternal hypertension not associated with preeclampsia/eclampsia

59 (9.1)

2 (4.1)

61 (8.7)

0.301

 PROM

181 (27.8)

4 (8.2)

185 (26.5)

0.003

 Dystocia

175 (26.9)

6 (12.2)

181 (25.9)

0.024

 Malpresentation

68 (10.5)

15 (30.6)

83 (11.9)

<0.001

 Obstetric Infection

9 (1.4)

4 (8.2)

13 (1.9)

0.001

Mode of Delivery

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 Spontaneous

347 (53.4)

40 (81.6)

387 (55.4)

0.001

 Assisted vaginal

22 (3.4)

0 (0)

22 (3.1)

 Cesarean

281 (43.2)

9 (18.4)

290 (41.5)

Severity of illness

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 No complications

75 (11.5)

15 (30.6)

90 (12.9)

<0.001

 Mild-severe complications

521 (80.2)

25 (51.0)

546 (78.1)

 Near-miss or death

54 (8.3)

9 (18.4)

63 (9)

Near-miss by time

650 (100)

49 (100)

699 (100)

 

 Non Near-miss

596 (91.7)

42 (85.7)

638 (91.3)

0.047

 Near-miss at admission

19 (2.9)

5 (10.2)

24 (3.4)

 Near-miss after admission

25 (3.8)

2 (4.1)

27 (3.9)

 Near-miss time unclear

10 (1.5)

0 (0)

10 (1.4)

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
  2. aDiagnoses are not mutually exclusive
  3. Data in italics have precise significance