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Table 2 Unadjusted odds ratio and 95% CI of study variables

From: Factors associated with low birth weight in Nepal using multiple imputation

Variables

Unadjusted OR

95% CI

p-value

Underlying factors

 Wealth index

  Rich

1.00

 

0.107

  Middle

1.27

0.83, 1.96

  Poor

1.50

1.03, 2.20

 Mother’s education

  Secondary/higher education

1.00

 

0.107

  Primary education

1.58

1.09, 2.27

  No education

1.34

0.90, 2.00

 Women’s decision for health service utilization

  Women

1.00

 

0.002*

  Women and husband together

1.54

1.03, 2.30

  Husband or others

1.91

1.34, 2.72

 Ethnicity

  Relatively advantaged

1.00

 

0.758

  Relatively disadvantaged (Janjati)

0.88

0.61, 1.26

  Relatively disadvantaged (Dalit)

1.00

0.67, 1.49

 Residence

  Urban

1.00

 

0.466

  Rural

1.12

0.82, 1.53

 Ecological region

  Terai

1.00

 

0.289

  Hill

1.29

0.89, 1.87

  Mountain

1.37

0.87, 2.17

 Development region

  Central

1.00

 

0.072

  Eastern

1.63

1.03, 2.57

  Western

1.09

0.64, 1.84

  Mid-western

1.53

0.92, 2.57

  Far-western

1.72

1.07, 2.78

Proximate factors

 Body mass index (BMI)

   > 23.0 (Overweight)

1.00

 

0.138

  18.5–23.0 (Normal)

1.50

0.96, 2.33

   < 18.5 (Underweight)

1.67

1.03, 2.71

 Birth interval

  No interval

1.00

 

0.338

   < 24 months

1.32

0.82, 2.15

   ≥ 24 months

0.96

0.69, 1.33

 ANC visit during pregnancy

  Four or more visits

1.00

 

0.131

  One-three visits

1.38

0.96, 1.98

  No visit

1.83

0.96, 3.51

 Consumption of iron tablets during pregnancy

  Yes

1.00

 

0.199

  No

1.39

0.84, 2.30

 Smoke

  No

1.00

 

0.247

  Yes

1.47

0.75, 2.88

 Fuel

  Low polluting fuel

1.00

 

0.023*

  Highly polluting fuel

1.56

1.07, 2.28

Gestation and fetal growth factors

 Mother’s age at child’s birth (Years)

   ≥ 30

1.00

 

0.970

  25–29

0.91

0.55, 1.51

  20–24

0.92

0.56, 1.50

  15–19

0.99

0.60, 1.66

 Parity

  Four and above

1.00

 

0.748

  Two-three

0.94

0.60, 1.48

  One

0.84

0.51, 1.38

 Gender of baby

  Male

1.00

 

0.379

  Female

1.13

0.86, 1.48

  1. p-value was calculated from Wald test, *statistically significant at 5% level