Table 1 Maternal characteristics according to severity of NVP as defined by PUQE
PUQEa | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Mild | Moderate | Severe | p-valueb | |
N = 712 n (%) | N = 62 n (%) | N = 439 n (%) | N = 210 n (%) | ||
Parity | |||||
0 previous live births | 382 (53.7) | 38 (61.3) | 241 (54.9) | 103 (49.0) | 0.185 |
≥ 1 previous live births | 327 (45.9) | 24 (38.7) | 197 (44.9) | 106 (50.5) | |
Age, years | |||||
Under 25 | 145 (20.4) | 11 (17.7) | 87 (19.8) | 46 (21.9) | 0.443 |
25–29 | 273 (38.3) | 27 (43.5) | 157 (35.8) | 89 (42.4) | |
30–39 | 281 (39.5) | 23 (37.1) | 187 (42.6) | 71 (33.8) | |
Over 40 | 13 (1.8) | 1 (1.6) | 8 (1.8) | 4 (1.9) | |
Body Mass Index (BMI) c | |||||
Underweight | 33 (4.6) | 2 (3.2) | 23 (5.2) | 8 (3.8) | 0.615 |
Normal weight | 421 (59.1) | 44 (71.0) | 253 (57.6) | 124 (59.0) | |
Overweight | 139 (19.5) | 10 (16.1) | 86 (19.6) | 42 (20.0) | |
Obese | 118 (16.6) | 6 (9.7) | 76 (17.3) | 36 (17.1) | |
Smoking | |||||
No | 684 (96.1) | 61 (98.4) | 422 (96.1) | 200 (95.2) | 0.557 |
Yes | 27 (3.8) | 1 (1.6) | 16 (3.6) | 10 (4.8) | |
Use of folic acid | |||||
Before and/or during pregnancy | 673 (94.8) | 57 (91.9) | 419 (95.7) | 197 (93.8) | 0.270 |
No | 37 (5.2) | 5 (8.1) | 19 (4.3) | 13 (6.2) | |
Marital status | |||||
Married/cohabitating | 661 (92.8) | 55 (88.7) | 408 (92.9) | 197 (93.8) | 0.363 |
Not married/cohabiting | 51 (7.2) | 7 (11.3) | 31 (7.1) | 13 (6.2) | |
Education d | |||||
Primary or secondary | 219 (30.8) | 16 (25.8) | 127 (28.9) | 76 (36.2) | 0.230 |
Bachelor degree | 292 (41.0) | 25 (40.3) | 183 (41.7) | 84 (40.0) | |
Master degree | 170 (23.9) | 20 (32.3) | 110 (25.1) | 40 (19.0) | |
Other | 30 (4.2) | 1 (1.6) | 19 (4.3) | 10 (4.8) | |
Work situation | |||||
Student | 57 (8.0) | 6 (9.7) | 35 (8.0) | 16 (7.6) | 0.458 |
Employed | 570 (80.1) | 51 (82.3) | 351 (80.0) | 168 (80.0) | |
Unemployed | 53 (7.4) | 1 (1.6) | 32 (7.3) | 19 (9.0) | |
Other | 32 (4.5) | 4 (6.5) | 21 (4.8) | 7 (3.3) | |