Table 2 Ventouse variables and outcome/complications
Variable | Plastic cup “Kiwi” | Metal cup | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Participating centre | |||
Bern | 15 (50) | 4 (4.4) | <.001 |
Basel | 15 (50) | 51 (56.7) | |
Zurich | 0 (0) | 35 (38.9) | |
Duration of first stage of labour (h) | 5.2 (3.7–7.9) | 5.1 (3.8–7.5) | .96 |
Duration of second stage of labour (h) | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 2.1 (1.1–2.8) | .12 |
Causes for vaginal assisted delivery | |||
failure to progress in labour | 10 (34.5) | 43 (47.8) | .33 |
fetal distress | 17 (58.6) | 43 (47.8) | |
maternal exhaustion | 2 (6.9) | 2 (2.2) | |
others | 0 (0) | 2 (2.2) | |
Number of tractions | |||
1 | 5 (16.7) | 10 (11.1) | .6 |
2 | 12 (40) | 50 (55.6) | |
3 | 12 (40) | 27 (30) | |
4 | 1 (3.3) | 2 (2.2) | |
5 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.1) | |
Complications | |||
none | 28 (93.3) | 77 (85.6) | .01 |
air aspiration | 0 (0) | 9 (10) | |
cup “detachment” | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | |
no information | 0 (0) | 4 (4.4) | |
Severe head injuries | |||
- skin abrasions/lacerations | 1 (3.3) | 2 (2.2) | .51 |
- cephalhaematoma | 1 (3.3) | 10 (11.1) | |
- intracranial haemorrhage | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
- skull fracture | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Study treatment | |||
- paracetamol | 18 (60) | 43 (47.8) | .34 |
- placebo | 12 (40) | 47 (52.2) | |