Table 2 Bivariate analysis of perinatal mortality among infants delivered at a tertiary hospital facility during “Cash and Carry” and NHIS periods in Northern Region
Variables | Cash & Carry period | NHIS period | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%) | n(%) | |||||||||
2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | Fisher’s exact | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Fisher’s exact | |
Annual mortalities | 28(8) | 105(9) | 71(6) | 112(9) | 60(5) | 44(4) | 56(5) | 33(3) | ||
Mother's age | ||||||||||
< 18 | 0(0) | 6(6) | 0(0) | 2(2) | 0.001 | 3(5) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.504 |
18–24 | 10(36) | 28(26) | 23(32) | 29(26) | 22(37) | 10(23) | 17(31) | 10(30) | ||
25–34 | 14(50) | 45(43) | 29(41) | 61(54) | 22(37) | 28(63) | 31(55) | 19(58) | ||
≥ 35 | 4(14) | 26(25) | 19(27) | 20(18) | 13(21) | 6(14) | 8(14) | 4(12) | ||
Parity | ||||||||||
None | 7(28) | 34(33) | 22(31) | 36(34) | 0.001 | 21(35) | 6(13) | 21(38) | 11(34) | 0.278 |
One | 7(28) | 11(11) | 9(13) | 14(13) | 10(17) | 11(25) | 11(20) | 3(9) | ||
Two | 2(8) | 8(8) | 8(11) | 14(13) | 6(10) | 11(25) | 8(14) | 6(18) | ||
Three | 5(20) | 20(20) | 12(17) | 22(20) | 10(17) | 4(9) | 6(11) | 5(15) | ||
Four-plus | 4(16) | 29(28) | 20(28) | 22(20) | 13(21) | 12(27) | 9(16) | 8(24) | ||
Type of birth | ||||||||||
Caesarean | 4(14) | 20(19) | 22(31) | 39(35) | 0.001 | 20(33) | 8(18) | 15(27) | 14(42) | 0.004 |
Vaginal | 24(86) | 85(81) | 49(69) | 73(65) | 40(67) | 36(82) | 41(73) | 19(58) | ||
Nature of birth | ||||||||||
Singleton | 24(86) | 80(76) | 57(80) | 100(89) | 0.001 | 56(93) | 40(91) | 52(93) | 2(6) | 0.376 |
Twin | 4(14) | 25(24) | 14(20) | 12(11) | 4(7) | 4(9) | 4(7) | 31(94) | ||
Sex | ||||||||||
Male | 15(54) | 53(51) | 31(44) | 66(59) | 0.556 | 27(45) | 24(55) | 31(55) | 13(39) | 0.825 |
Female | 13(46) | 52(49) | 40(56) | 46(41) | 33(55) | 20(45) | 25(45) | 20(61) | ||
Post-partum hemorrhage(ml) | ||||||||||
< 200 | 20(91) | 17(22) | 7(15) | 19(28) | 0.013 | 8(31) | 8(23) | 16(46) | 10(59) | 0.247 |
200–250 | 1(4.5) | 29(37) | 17(38) | 36(52) | 14(54) | 25(74) | 11(31) | 4(23) | ||
≥ 250 | 1(4.5) | 32(41) | 21(47) | 14(20) | 4(15) | 1(3) | 8(23) | 3(18) | ||
Fetal heart rate (bpm) | ||||||||||
< 130 | 0(0) | 2(12.5) | 4(25) | 1(4) | 0.729 | 5(28) | 3(20) | 1(13) | 2(22) | 0.013 |
130–140 | 0(0) | 12(75) | 11(69) | 19(83) | 12(67) | 6(40) | 7(87) | 6(67) | ||
≥ 140 | 0(0) | 2(12.5) | 1(6) | 3(13) | 1(5) | 6(40) | 0(0) | 1(11) | ||