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Table 1 Overview of all early cardiovascular changes in normal pregnancy

From: Why non-invasive maternal hemodynamics assessment is clinically relevant in early pregnancy: a literature review

  

Early first trimester

Late first trimester

  

5 weeks

6 weeks

7 weeks

8–12 weeks

Arteries

Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR)

↓

   

Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV)

 

↓

  

Aorta Compliance

  

↑

 

Blood Pressure

 

↓

  

Blood Velocity

   

↑

Heart

Heart Rate (HR)

↑

   

Stroke Volume (SV)

↑

   

Cardiac Output (CO)

↑

   

Cardiac Filling Pressure

 

↑

  

Inotropy

   

↑

Heart Surface Area

   

↑

Atrial-Ventricular Dimensions

   

↑

Ventricular Wall

   

↑

Veins

Venous Return

 

↑

  

Distensibility

  

↑

 

Capacitance

  

↑

 

Hematology

Plasma Volume

↑

   

Plasma Osmolality

↓

   

Relaxin

 

↑

  

Kidney

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

 

↑

  

Renal Plasma Flow (RPF)

 

↑

  

Renal Vascular Dilatation

 

↓

  

Filtration Fraction

 

↓

  

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)

 

↑

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