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Table 5 Outcomes in PRISON and PRISON+ groups

From: Perinatal health care services for imprisoned pregnant women and associated outcomes: a systematic review

Outcome

Studies in PRISON category

Studies in PRISON+ category

All studies

Number of studies measuring outcome

Outcome (n/N)

Summary percentage (95 % CI)a

Number of studies measuring outcome

Outcome (n/N)

Summary percentage (95 % CI)a

Total number of studies measuring outcome

Overall summary percentage (95 % CI)a

Low birthweight

5

36/333

9 · 3 (6 · 2–12 · 4)

0

N/A

N/A

5

9 · 3 (6 · 2–12 · 4)

Caesareanb

3

37/137

26 · 5 (12 · 7–40 · 3)b

3

56/396

12 · 9 (8 · 3–17 · 6)b

6

N/A

Stillbirth

3

6/313

1 · 8 (0 · 3–3 · 3)

1

1/237

0 · 4 (0 · 0–1 · 2)

4

0 · 8 (0 · 0–1 · 5)

Neonatal unit admission

3

34/263

12 · 7 (8 · 7–16 · 8)

1

24/236

10 · 2 (6 · 3–14 · 0)

4

11 · 4 (8 · 6–14 · 2)

Inadequate prenatal careb

2

166/540

30 · 7 (26 · 8–34 · 6)b

1

34/221

15 · 4 (10 · 6–20 · 1)b

3

N/A

Preterm deliveryb

2

24/119

19 · 0 (9 · 5–28 · 6)b

1

15/236

6 · 4 (3 · 2–9 · 5)b

3

N/A

Neonatal death

2

5/196

2 · 2 (0 · 1–4 · 2)

0

N/A

N/A

2

2 · 2 (0 · 1–4 · 2)

Small for gestational age

2

9/43, 0/34

N/Ac

1

28/236

11 · 9 (7 · 7–16 · 0)

3

N/A

APGAR < 7 at 5 mins

2

5/76, 0/34

N/Ac

1

0/236

0

3

N/A

Breastfeeding

2

1/34, 21/43

N/Ad

1

3/5

60 · 0 (17 · 1–100)

3

N/A

  1. aSummary measures created by taking results from individual studies, weighting by sample size and calculating summary statistic. Only presented if there is no significant heterogeneity between groups
  2. bThere is evidence of significant heterogeneity between PRISON and PRISON+ groups (p = 0 · 005 for caesarean, p < 0 · 001 for inadequate prenatal care, p = 0 · 001 for preterm delivery), therefore a random effects model has been used
  3. cNo summary measure possible as only one non-zero result
  4. dNo summary measure possible as significant heterogeneity in results within PRISON category