Table 7 Biological markers of nutritional status in individual studies compared to reference values

Haemoglobin (g/L) ^a

Baker (2009)

404

↑122

121, 123

362

↓108

107, 109

Chang (2003)

445

↑121

121, 122

319

↑112

112, 114

836

↓107

107, 109

Dawson (2000) a

21

↑124

123, 125

21

↑115

114, 116

20

↑114

111, 112

Dawson (2000) b

20

↑125

124, 126

20

↑119

118, 120

21

↑116

112, 114

Dawson (2000) a

21

↑114

113, 115

Dawson (2000) b

20

↑120

119, 121

Gadowsky (1995)

50

↑119

115, 123

Iannotti (2005)

35

↔111

107, 115

70

↔107

104, 110

McGuire Davies (2010)

78

↑118

118, 118

76

↓107

107, 108

Meier (2002) a

20

↑125

122, 129

15

↑123

119, 128

Meier (2002) b

17

↑128

124, 132

16

↑117

112, 123

Meier (2002) a

19

↑116

112, 120

Meier (2002) b

16

↑113

110, 116

Rycel (2009)

102

↑120

120, 229

Rycel (2009)

102

↓103

103, 103

Young (2010)

48

↑113

62

↑117

113, 121

Ferritin (μg/L or ng/ml) ^b

Gadowsky (1995)

50

↓7.4

5.7, 9.1

Iannotti (2005)

44

↑33

26.8, 40.6

59

↔15

12.6, 17.8

Meier (2002) a

19

↑42

31.3, 52.8

15

↔25

14.6, 35.4

Meier (2002) b

17

↑57

36.5, 77.5

15

↓6.8

5.2, 8.5

Meier (2002) a

19

↑46

24, 68.8

Meier (2002) b

16

↓10

7.9, 13

Young (2010)

81

↔16

12.9, 20.1

88

↔17

14.9, 20.3

Haematocrit ^{(g/L) c}

Chang (2003)

445

↑36

35.7, 36.3

319

↔33

32.7, 33.3

836

↓32

31.8, 32.2

Gadowsky (1995)

50

↑36

34.8, 37.2

Iannotti (2005)

35

↔33

32, 34

70

↓32

31.3, 32.7

Rycel (2009)

102

34

34.6, 34.8

Rycel (2009)

102

↓31

31.4, 31.6

Zinc μmol/L-1 ^d

Castillo-Duran (2001) a

249

↑11.9

11.7, 12.1

249

↑10.9

10.7, 11.1

Castillo-Duran (2001) b

258

↑11.7

11.5, 11.9

258

↑10.9

10.7, 11.1

Castillo-Duran (2001) a

249

↑10.5

10.3, 10.7

Castillo-Duran (2001) b

258

↑10.2

10, 10.4

Chan (2006)

23

↑26.3

23.2, 29.4

Mistry (2014) a

107

↑9.71

8.8, 10.5

Mistry (2014) b

19

↑10.8

7.8, 13.9

Magnesium mmol/l ^e

Chan (2006)

23

↑0.99

0.9, 1.1

Phosphorous mg/dl ^f

Chan (2006)

23

↑5

4, 6

Copper μg/dl ^g

Mistry (2014) a

107

↑206

1991, 2128

Mistry (2014) b

19

↑196

1712, 2207

Selenium μg/L ^h

Dawson (2000) a

21

↓49

46, 52

21

↓55

52.9, 57.1

21

↑114

108.9, 119.1

Dawson (2000) b

20

↓44

39.6, 48.4

20

↓53

50.8, 55.2

20

↓55

50.2, 59.8

Dawson (2000) a

21

↓50

46.2, 53.8

21

↔85

76.9, 93.1

Dawson (2000) b

20

↓44

39.6, 48.4

20

↓62

57.2, 66.8

Mistry (2014) a

107

↓65

62.7, 67.5

Mistry (2014) b

19

↓49

45.9, 52.9

Red blood cell folate (nmol/l) ⁱ

Baker (2009)

266

↑647

616, 680

Serum folate (nmol/l) ^j

Baker (2009)

291

↑12

12, 14

Chan (2006)

23

↔13

10, 17

Vitamin A (μg/dL)

Chan (2006)

23

↑38

31, 45

B12 (pmol/l) ^k

Baker (2009)

293

↑177

169, 185

Chan (2006)

23

↑265

216, 315

Gadowsky (1995)

50

↑170

146, 194

Homocysteine (μmol/L) ^l

Baker (2009)

293

7.9

7.6, 8.2

Gadowsky (1995)

50

6.1

3, 9

25OHD (nmol/L) ^m

Baker (2009)

263

↑33

30.4, 35.8

Chan (2006)

23

↑57

48, 67

Ginde (2010)

McGuire Davies (2010)

44

↑52

46, 58

36

↑56

50, 63

O’Brien (2003)

23

↑50

41, 60

Young (2012)

171

↑54

51, 59