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Table 2 Factors associated with adequate frequency of ANC attendance (≥4 visits) among women aged 18–44 years in last pregnancy (N = 829)

From: Psychosocial factors associated with early initiation and frequency of antenatal care (ANC) visits in a rural and urban setting in South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

Variables

Rural (N = 363)

Urban (N = 466)

Odds Ratioa (95 % CI)

p-value

Odds Ratioa (95 % CI)

p-value

Married

2.1 (0.9–4.6)

0.068

1.6 (0.9–2.7)

0.129

Previous miscarriage

0.4 (0.2–0.8)

0.009**

-

-

More than one child

0.8 (0.4–1.4)

0.368

-

-

Wanted pregnancy

4.2 (1.9–9.3)

0.001**

-

-

High Religiosity

0.7 (0.4–1.5)

0.361

1.3 (0.7–2.5)

0.333

Partner with higher

0.7 (0.3–1.5)

0.365

1.1 (0.6–2.0)

0.734

education Older Partner Age

0.9 (0.4–1.9)

0.747

-

-

Father of child present

3.1 (1.0–9.0)

0.042*

-

-

  1. **p < 0.01 *p < 0.05
  2. aOdds ratio adjusted for clustering. Final model for Rural (WC) site: marital status; previous miscarriage, parity, desire for pregnancy(wanted pregnancy), religiosity, partner education, partner age and presence of the father of the child. Final model for Urban (Tshwane) site: marital status; religiosity and partner education