Table 3 Frequency of markers of severity among live born neonates (n = 309 644). Pragmatic markers (any pragmatic marker of severity), WHO a (Modified from Pileggi-Castro et al., 2014) [19]
Markers of severity | Severe neonatal outcomes b | Neonatal Near Miss | Early neonatal death | Mortality Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (‰) | n (‰) | n (‰) | % | |
Pragmatic markers of severity | ||||
Apgar score <7 at 5th minute | 8033 (25.9) | 6745 (21.8) | 1288 (4.2) | 16.0 |
Birthweight <1750 g | 6099 (19.7) | 4456 (14.4) | 1643 (5.3) | 26.9 |
Gestational age <33 weeks | 4438 (14.3) | 3424 (11.1) | 1014 (3.3) | 22.8 |
Any pragmatic marker of severity | 13 795 (44.6) | 11 587 (37.4) | 2208 (7.1) | 16.0 |
Management markers of severity | ||||
Use of intravenous antibiotics | 13 496 (43.6) | 11 952 (38.6) | 1544 (5.0) | 11.4 |
Nasal CPAP | 4772 (15.4) | 3874 (12.5) | 898 (2.9) | 18.8 |
Any intubation (in the first 7 days) | 3970 (12.8) | 2811 (9.1) | 1159 (3.7) | 29.2 |
Use of phototherapy in the first 24 h | 3434 (11.1) | 3222 (10.4) | 212 (0.7) | 6.2 |
Cardio pulmonary resuscitation | 2961 (9.6) | 1598 (5.2) | 1363 (4.4) | 46.0 |
Use of any vasoactive drug | 1890 (6.1) | 1176 (3.8) | 714 (2.3) | 37.8 |
Use of anticonvulsants | 1441 (4.7) | 1166 (3.8) | 275 (0.9) | 19.1 |
Use of surfactant | 1366 (4.4) | 1075 (3.5) | 291 (0.9) | 21.3 |
Transfusion of blood derivatives | 980 (3.2) | 802 (2.6) | 178 (0.6) | 18.2 |
Use of corticosteroid for treatment of refractory hypoglycemia | 895 (2.9) | 736 (2.4) | 159 (0.5) | 17.8 |
Any surgical procedure | 247 (0.8) | 216 (0.7) | 31 (0.1) | 12.6 |
Any management marker of severity | 18 673 (60.3) | 16 421 (53.0) | 2252 (7.3) | 12.1 |
Combined markers (any pragmatic or management marker) | 25 103 (81.1) | 22 458 (72.5) | 2645 (8.5) | 10.5 |