Skip to main content

Table 4 The association between SES and breastfeeding practices by immigration status

From: Variation in the association between socioeconomic status and breastfeeding practices by immigration status in Taiwan: a population based birth cohort study

Immigration status

Ever breastfeeding

Predominant breastfeeding continued to fourth month

Predominant breastfeeding continued to sixth month

Socioeconomic status

Rate

OR

(95 % CI)

Rate

OR

(95 % CI)

Rate

OR

(95 % CI)

Mothers from China

(Yes = 774/No = 169)

(Yes = 345/No = 598)

(Yes = 172/No = 771)

Mother’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

85.05

0.98

(0.53–1.84)

34.58

0.99

(0.61–1.59)

17.76

1.06

(0.58–1.91)

 2. 10 to 12 years

83.38

1.01

(0.69–1.48)

40.85

1.38

(1.02–1.87)a

18.59

1.15

(0.79–1.68)

 3. ≦ 9 years

80.73

1.00

 

33.67

1.00

 

18.26

1.00

 

Father’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

88.26

2.45

(1.46–4.10)c

40.15

1.44

(0.96–2.15)

18.18

1.40

(0.84–2.33)

 2. 10 to 12 years

82.79

1.59

(1.07–2.36)a

36.98

1.26

(0.89–1.78)

20.00

1.48

(0.96–2.29)

 3. ≦ 9 years

74.80

1.00

 

31.50

1.00

 

14.96

1.00

 

Parental monthly income

         

 1. ≧ NT$100,000

92.86

1.46

(0.32–6.79)

25.00

0.65

(0.25–1.70)

10.71

0.38

(0.08–1.71)

 2. NT$70,000 ~ NT$100,000

80.85

0.59

(0.25–1.39)

38.30

1.17

(0.59–2.32)

17.02

0.80

(0.34–1.89)

 3. NT$50,000 ~ NT$70,000

79.19

0.59

(0.34–1.01)

34.10

1.09

(0.70–1.69)

16.18

0.79

(0.46–1.36)

 4. NT$30,000 ~ NT$50,000

81.34

0.67

(0.43–1.05)

38.78

1.24

(0.89–1.75)

18.03

0.82

(0.55–1.24)

 5. ≦ NT$30,000

85.22

1.00

 

34.35

1.00

 

21.74

1.00

 

Mothers from Southeast Asia

(Yes = 1398/No = 414)

(Yes = 451/No = 1361)

(Yes = 194/No = 1618)

Mother’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

74.77

0.94

(0.56–1.57)

25.23

1.34

(0.79–2.26)

10.28

1.10

(0.52–2.33)

 2. 10 to 12 years

78.17

1.10

(0.84–1.43)

25.17

1.10

(0.85–1.43)

10.69

1.09

(0.76–1.56)

 3. ≦ 9 years

76.78

1.00

 

24.78

1.00

 

10.75

1.00

 

Father’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

80.00

1.74

(1.14–2.66)a

25.26

1.13

(0.76–1.69)

13.16

1.62

(0.95–2.75)

 2. 10 to 12 years

80.60

1.60

(1.27–2.03)c

25.64

1.12

(0.89–1.42)

11.09

1.24

(0.89–1.72)

 3. ≦ 9 years

72.35

1.00

 

23.90

1.00

 

9.69

1.00

 

Parental monthly income

         

 1. ≧ NT$100,000

80.00

1.23

(0.33–4.54)

33.33

1.36

(0.43–4.29)

26.67

3.18

(0.90–11.31)

 2. NT$70,000 ~ NT$100,000

71.43

0.70

(0.33–1.43)

11.90

0.35

(0.13–0.94)a

7.14

0.61

(0.18–2.01)

 3. NT$50,000 ~ NT$70,000

69.01

0.64

(0.45–0.91)a

21.07

0.78

(0.54–1.13)

7.44

0.66

(0.38–1.15)

 4. NT$30,000 ~ NT$50,000

78.28

1.01

(0.78–1.30)

22.85

0.71

(0.56–0.89)b

9.50

0.68

(0.49–0.94)a

 5. ≦ NT$30,000

78.57

1.00

 

29.66

1.00

 

13.51

1.00

 

Taiwanese mothers

(Yes = 15067/No = 3114)

(Yes = 2969/No = 15212)

(Yes = 1286/No = 16895)

Mother’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

90.39

3.25

(2.78–3.82)c

21.10

2.75

(2.19–3.45)c

9.09

2.89

(2.07–4.03)c

 2. 10 to 12 years

76.58

1.52

(1.33–1.74)c

11.75

1.45

(1.21–1.86)c

5.16

1.61

(1.17–2.22)b

 3. ≦ 9 years

64.04

1.00

 

8.10

1.00

 

3.43

1.00

 

Father’s education

         

 1. ≧ 13 years

89.47

2.03

(1.76–2.34)c

21.06

1.63

(1.36–1.92)c

9.18

1.64

(1.26–2.12)c

 2. 10 to 12 years

78.08

1.36

(1.20–1.53)c

11.70

1.07

(0.90–1.27)

4.95

1.01

(0.79–1.30)

 3. ≦ 9 years

68.03

1.00

 

10.20

1.00

 

4.63

1.00

 

Parental monthly income

         

 1. ≧ NT$100,000

90.06

1.35

(1.10–1.66)a

21.80

1.39

(1.13–1.70)b

8.82

1.04

(0.78–1.38)

 2. NT$70,000 ~ NT$100,000

87.52

1.14

(0.96–1.35)

17.03

1.16

(0.96–1.41)

6.82

0.90

(0.69–1.78)

 3. NT$50,000 ~ NT$70,000

82.09

0.97

(0.84–1.13)

14.61

1.07

(0.89–1.28)

5.94

0.84

(0.65–1.07)

 4. NT$30,000 ~ NT$50,000

78.13

0.91

(0.79–1.05)

15.69

1.09

(0.91–1.29)

7.66

1.02

(0.81–1.84)

 5. ≦ NT$30,000

74.80

1.00

 

12.94

1.00

 

6.53

1.00

 
  1. Note 1. a: p < .05, b: p < .01, c: p < .001
  2. Note 2. These models controlled for the residential area, employment status, age of the mother, age of the father, and sex of the child