Skip to main content

Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for breastfeeding initiation by birth place and for the total sample

From: Predictors of breastfeeding initiation in Hong Kong and Mainland China born mothers

 

Hong Kong born

Mainland China born

All participants

Characteristic

aORa

(95 % CI)

aORa

(95 % CI)

aORa

(95 % CI)

Maternal age (years)

      

 18–24

1

--

1

--

1

--

 25–29

0.71

(0.44, 1.16)

1.11

(0.61, 2.00)

0.86

(0.59, 1.25)

 30–34

0.97

(0.59, 1.58)

1.47

(0.80, 2.71)

1.12

(0.77, 1.63)

 ≥35

0.90

(0.54, 1.51)

1.02

(0.55, 1.87)

0.97

(0.65, 1.43)

Parity

      

 Primiparous

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Multiparous

0.46

(0.35, 0.61)

0.59

(0.40, 0.86)

0.53

(0.43, 0.66)

Maternal education

      

 Compulsory secondary or belowb

0.29

(0.19, 0.45)

0.67

(0.35, 1.31)

0.36

(0.25, 0.52)

 Upper secondary

0.42

(0.26, 0.67)

0.73

(0.36, 1.51)

0.49

(0.33, 0.72)

 University degree or above

1

 

1

 

1

 

Monthly family income (HKD)c

      

 <$15,000

1

--

1

--

1

--

 $15,000–$29,999

1.10

(0.76, 1.58)

1.20

(0.82, 1.76)

1.06

(0.82, 1.36)

 ≥$30,000

1.42

(0.91, 2.23)

1.09

(0.61, 1.96)

1.20

(0.85, 1.68)

Marital status

      

 Unmarried

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Married

1.24

(0.77, 2.00)

1.89

(0.93, 3.82)

1.46

(0.99, 2.14)

Work full-time during pregnancy

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

1.42

(0.95, 2.12)

1.30

(0.83, 2.04)

1.29

(0.96, 1.74)

Work full-time post-partum

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.74

(0.51, 1.06)

0.79

(0.49, 1.27)

0.72

(0.54, 0.95)

Maternal smoking

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.36

(0.21, 0.61)

0.13

(0.04, 0.41)

0.29

(0.18, 0.45)

Paternal smoking

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.80

(0.60, 1.05)

0.70

(0.49, 0.99)

0.75

(0.60, 0.92)

Pre-pregnancy health problem

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

1.22

(0.76, 1.98)

0.65

(0.38, 1.10)

0.94

(0.66, 1.34)

Pregnancy-related problem

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.85

(0.59, 1.21)

0.60

(0.38, 0.94)

0.73

(0.55, 0.96)

Delivery type

      

 Spontaneous vaginal

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Assisted vaginal

0.60

(0.35, 1.03)

0.84

(0.37, 1.93)

0.65

(0.42, 1.03)

 Planned cesarean

0.63

(0.44, 0.90)

0.94

(0.58, 1.53)

0.73

(0.55, 0.97)

 Emergency cesarean

0.63

(0.43, 0.92)

1.52

(0.82, 2.82)

0.83

(0.61, 1.13)

Preterm birth

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.96

(0.54, 1.70)

0.97

(0.47, 2.00)

1.00

(0.65, 1.55)

Infant LBWd

      

 No

1

--

1

--

1

--

 Yes

0.64

(0.38, 1.09)

0.71

(0.32, 1.56)

0.66

(0.43, 1.02)

  1. aadjusted for variables shown
  2. bCompulsory secondary education is to Form 3 or Grade 9
  3. c1 USD = 7.78 HKD
  4. dLBW Low birth weight