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Table 2 Multivariable analysis of adverse outcomes associated with GWG (below versus above IOM limits) in obese women with GDM

From: Impact of gestational weight gain on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in obese diabetic women

Adverse outcomes

GWG below IOM limits (<5 kg)

GWG above IOM limits (>9 kg)

aOR (95 % CI)

p value

aOR (95 % CI)

p value

Cesarean sectiona

0.67 (0.54–0.85)

0.001

1.31 (1.07–1.61)

0.009

LGAb

0.39 (0.28–0.57)

<0.001

2.32 (1.76–3.04)

<0.001

Macrosomiab

0.34 (0.21–0.55)

<0.001

2.39 (1.68–3.38)

<0.001

SGAb

2.14 (1.36–3.35)

0.001

0.53 (0.31–0.88)

0.015

Low Apgar scorea

0.14 (0.01–1.33)

>0.05

4.79 (1.19–19.21)

0.027

Admission to the intensive unit carea

1.38 (0.71–2.68)

>0.05

0.81 (0.42–1.54)

>0.05

  1. aAdjusted for: age, parity, prepregnancy BMI, use of insulin, gestational age at delivery and birthweight (except for the aORs of the outcomes LGA, macrosomia and SGA)
  2. bAdjusted for: age, parity, prepregnancy BMI, use of insulin, gestational age at delivery