Early postnatal demoralisation among primiparous women in the community: measurement, prevalence and associated factors

Table 5 Hierarchical regression with demoralisation as the dependent variable

	Hierarchical linear regression
Independent Variables		Unstandardised regression coefficient (adjusted)	p	Model R²	p for change in R²
	Model 1			.44	-
Language spoken at home: English		Reference
Other		0.21	.007
Education: Up to secondary		Reference
Certificate/Diploma		0.12	.119
Tertiary		0.17	.058
Age: 18-25		−0.15	.093
26-39		Reference
40+		0.04	.790
Psychiatric history		0.09	.183
PHQ-9^a		0.27	.000
GAD-7^a		0.21	.000
Vulnerable personality characteristics^a		0.05	.000
	Model 2			.51	.000
Language spoken at home: English		Reference
Other		0.13	.097
Education: Up to secondary		Reference
Certificate/Diploma		0.08	.320
Tertiary		0.14	.115
Age: 18-25		−0.15	.078
26-39		Reference
40+		−0.00	.990
Psychiatric history		0.08	.221
PHQ-9^a		0.21	.000
GAD-7^a		0.19	.000
Vulnerable personality characteristics		0.04	.000
Self-rated health: Fair to good		Reference
Very or extremely good		−0.18	.018
Feeding method: Only breast milk		Reference
Formula and/or breast milk		−0.05	.377
Baby crying or fussing: <3 h		Reference
≥3 h		0.12	.046
Confidence in going home from hospital		−0.13	.000
IBM care subscale^b		0.04	.236
IBM control subscale^a		0.10	.006

The dependent variable, the Demoralisation Scale total score, has been natural log transformed
^aNatural log transformed
^bReflected and natural log transformed

ISSN: 1471-2393