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Table 5 Hierarchical regression with demoralisation as the dependent variable

From: Early postnatal demoralisation among primiparous women in the community: measurement, prevalence and associated factors

 

Hierarchical linear regression

Independent Variables

 

Unstandardised regression coefficient (adjusted)

p

Model R2

p for change in R2

 

Model 1

  

.44

-

Language spoken at home: English

 

Reference

   

Other

 

0.21

.007

  

Education: Up to secondary

 

Reference

   

Certificate/Diploma

 

0.12

.119

  

Tertiary

 

0.17

.058

  

Age: 18-25

 

−0.15

.093

  

26-39

 

Reference

   

40+

 

0.04

.790

  

Psychiatric history

 

0.09

.183

  

PHQ-9a

 

0.27

.000

  

GAD-7a

 

0.21

.000

  

Vulnerable personality characteristicsa

 

0.05

.000

  
 

Model 2

  

.51

.000

Language spoken at home: English

 

Reference

   

Other

 

0.13

.097

  

Education: Up to secondary

 

Reference

   

Certificate/Diploma

 

0.08

.320

  

Tertiary

 

0.14

.115

  

Age: 18-25

 

−0.15

.078

  

26-39

 

Reference

   

40+

 

−0.00

.990

  

Psychiatric history

 

0.08

.221

  

PHQ-9a

 

0.21

.000

  

GAD-7a

 

0.19

.000

  

Vulnerable personality characteristics

 

0.04

.000

  

Self-rated health: Fair to good

 

Reference

   

Very or extremely good

 

−0.18

.018

  

Feeding method: Only breast milk

 

Reference

   

Formula and/or breast milk

 

−0.05

.377

  

Baby crying or fussing: <3 h

 

Reference

   

≥3 h

 

0.12

.046

  

Confidence in going home from hospital

 

−0.13

.000

  

IBM care subscaleb

 

0.04

.236

  

IBM control subscalea

 

0.10

.006

  
  1. The dependent variable, the Demoralisation Scale total score, has been natural log transformed
  2. aNatural log transformed
  3. bReflected and natural log transformed