Table 3 Associations between low birth weight (LBW) and maternal risk factors among mothers in Bale Zone, South east Ethiopia, August, 2013
From: Risk factors for low birth weight in Bale zone hospitals, South-East Ethiopia : a case–control study
Factors | LBW | NBW | Crude OR (95 % CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | P-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | % | No | % | |||||
ANC visit | ||||||||
Yes | 98 | 76.0 | 228 | 88.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 31 | 24.0 | 30 | 11.6 | 2.4 [1.38,4.19] | 0.002 | 2.9 [1.23, 6.94] | 0.014 |
Gestational age at first ANC visit (months) | ||||||||
< 4 | 11 | 11.2 | 33 | 14.5 | 1 | |||
4–6 | 64 | 65.3 | 158 | 69.3 | 1.2 [0.58,2.55] | 0.606 | ||
> 6 | 23 | 23.5 | 37 | 16.2 | 1.9 [0.79,4.40] | 0.155 | ||
Maternal height (meter) | ||||||||
≤ 1.50 | 20 | 15.5 | 16 | 6.2 | 2.8 [1.38,5.62] | 0.004 | 3.7 [1.22,11.28] | 0.021 |
> 1.50 | 109 | 84.5 | 242 | 93.8 | 1 | |||
Maternal weight (Kg) | ||||||||
< 50 | 16 | 12.4 | 12 | 4.7 | 2.9 [1.33,6.34] | 0.007 | ||
≥ 50 | 113 | 87.6 | 246 | 95.3 | 1 | |||
Maternal BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||||||
< 18.50 | 12 | 9.3 | 3 | 1.2 | 9.3 [2.34,36.6] | 0.002 | 6.7 [1.21,37.14] | 0.029 |
18.50–25.00 | 98 | 76.0 | 211 | 81.8 | 1.1 [0.60,1.94] | 0.808 | 1.2 [0.51, 3.10] | 0.617 |
> 25.00 | 19 | 14.7 | 44 | 17.1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Gravida | ||||||||
Primigravida | 61 | 47.3 | 73 | 28.3 | 2.6 [1.62,4.10] | <0.001 | ||
Multigravida | 50 | 38.7 | 154 | 59.7 | 1 | |||
Grandmultigravida | 18 | 14.0 | 31 | 12.0 | 1.8 [0.92,3.47] | 0.086 | ||
Pregnancy Related health problem | ||||||||
Yes | 37 | 28.7 | 24 | 9.3 | 3.9 [2.22,6.92] | <0.001 | 6.3 [2.76,14.48] | <0.001 |
No | 92 | 71.3 | 234 | 90.7 | 1 | 1 | ||
Birth interval in year | ||||||||
≤ 2 | 32 | 49.2 | 43 | 25.3 | 2.9 [1.58,5.20] | <0.001 | 3.2 [1.59,6.31] | 0.001 |
> 2 | 33 | 50.8 | 127 | 74.7 | 1 | 1 | ||
Deworming during pregnancy | ||||||||
Yes | 20 | 15.5 | 60 | 23.3 | 1 | |||
No | 109 | 84.5 | 198 | 76.7 | 1.7 [0.95,2.88] | 0.078 | ||
Ever Khat chewing | ||||||||
Yes | 30 | 23.3 | 18 | 7.0 | 4.0 [2.15,7.58] | <0.001 | 6.4 [2.42,17.10] | <0.001 |
No | 99 | 76.7 | 240 | 93.0 | 1 | 1 | ||
Ever drunk alcohol | ||||||||
Yes | 32 | 24.8 | 39 | 15.1 | 1.9 [1.10,3.13] | 0.021 | ||
No | 97 | 75.2 | 219 | 84.9 | 1 | |||