Table 2 Associations between low birth weight (LBW) and socio economic factors among mothers in Bale Zone, Oromia regional state, August, 2013
From: Risk factors for low birth weight in Bale zone hospitals, South-East Ethiopia : a case–control study
Factors | LBW | NBW | Crude OR [95 % CI] | p-value | Adjusted OR [95 % CI] | P-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | % | No | % | |||||
Maternal age (year) | ||||||||
≤ 20 | 52 | 40.3 | 56 | 21.7 | 2.5 [1.57, 4.03] | <0.001 | 3.1 [1.65,5.73] | <0.001 |
21–35 | 66 | 51.2 | 179 | 69.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
> 35 | 11 | 8.5 | 23 | 8.9 | 1.3 [0.59, 2.81] | 0.509 | 0.9 [0.35, 2.71] | 0.963 |
Residence | ||||||||
Urban | 67 | 51.9 | 194 | 75.2 | 1 | 1 | ||
Rural | 62 | 48.1 | 64 | 24.8 | 2.8 [1.80,4.38] | <0.001 | 2.1 [1.04,4.33] | 0.040 |
Marital status | ||||||||
Married | 116 | 89.9 | 243 | 94.2 | 1 | |||
Others | 13 | 10.1 | 15 | 5.8 | 1.8 [0.84,3.94] | 0.131 | ||
Maternal Education | ||||||||
No education | 61 | 47.2 | 45 | 17.4 | 6.2 [2.20,17.66] | 0.001 | 6.0 [1.34,26.90] | 0.019 |
Primary (1–8) | 49 | 38.0 | 109 | 42.2 | 2.1 [0.74,5.74] | 0.164 | 1.6 [0.38,6.68] | 0.523 |
Secondary (9–12) | 14 | 10.9 | 81 | 31.4 | 0.8 [0.26, 2.44] | 0.688 | 0.7 [0.19,2.88] | 0.660 |
Tertiary | 5 | 3.9 | 23 | 8.8 | 1 | 1 | ||
Maternal occupation | ||||||||
Employed | 10 | 7.8 | 40 | 15.5 | 1 | 1 | ||
House wife | 90 | 69.8 | 117 | 45.3 | 3.1 [1.46, 6.48] | 0.003 | 0.5 [0.15,1.87] | 0.326 |
Farmer | 8 | 6.2 | 31 | 12.0 | 1.0 [0.36, 2.92] | 0.952 | 0.1 [0.03,0.58] | 0.008 |
Merchant | 12 | 9.3 | 63 | 24.4 | 0.8 [0.30,1.93] | 0.566 | 0.1 [0.02,0.52] | 0.005 |
Daily labourer | 9 | 7.0 | 7 | 2.7 | 5.1 [1.54, 17.19] | 0.008 | 0.68 [0.09,5.23] | 0.713 |
Husband education | ||||||||
No education | 64 | 52.0 | 60 | 24.4 | 3.5 [1.79,6.72] | <0.001 | ||
Primary (1–8) | 27 | 22.0 | 50 | 20.3 | 1.8 [0.85,3.64] | 0.131 | ||
Secondary (9–12) | 16 | 13.0 | 84 | 34.2 | 0.6 [0.29,1.34] | 0.225 | ||
Tertiary | 16 | 13.0 | 52 | 21.1 | 1 | |||
Husband occupation | ||||||||
Employed | 24 | 19.5 | 77 | 31.3 | 1 | 1 | ||
Farmer | 59 | 48.0 | 81 | 32.9 | 2.3 [1.32, 4.12] | 0.003 | 0.5 [0.18,1.23] | 0.125 |
Merchant | 32 | 26.0 | 78 | 31.7 | 1.0 [0.71, 2.44] | 0.382 | 1.6 [0.69,3.82] | 0.265 |
Daily labourer | 8 | 6.5 | 10 | 4.1 | 2.6 [0.91, 7.24] | 0.075 | 1.2 [0.33,4.24] | 0.804 |
Monthly income (USD) | ||||||||
< =26 | 31 | 60.8 | 20 | 39.2 | 5.8 [2.98,11.19] | <0.001 | 3.8 [1.54,9.41] | 0.004 |
27–53 | 40 | 31.7 | 49 | 19.1 | 3.0 [1.76,5.24] | <0.001 | 1.9 [0.93,3.89] | 0.076 |
54–79 | 15 | 11.9 | 39 | 15.2 | 1.4 [0.72, 2.86] | 0.307 | 1.3 [0.58,2.95] | 0.520 |
> 79 | 40 | 31.7 | 149 | 58.0 | 1 | 1 | ||
Decision on resource utilization | ||||||||
Mother alone | 13 | 39.4 | 20 | 60.6 | 1 | 1 | ||
Jointly | 81 | 26.6 | 224 | 73.4 | 0.6 [0.27, 1.17] | 0.122 | 0.6 [0.15,2.56] | 0.518 |
Husband only | 35 | 71.4 | 14 | 28.6 | 3.8 [1.51,9.78] | 0.005 | 2.2 [0.47,10.29] | 0.315 |