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Table 1 Characteristics of women, pregnancy and delivery: distribution in the cohort of PPH and risk of death. Univariate and multivariate analysis

From: Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage maternal death in referral hospitals in Senegal and Mali: a cross-sectional epidemiological survey

 

Number

Percent

CFR* (%)

OR

95 % CI

aORa

95 % CI

Women and pregnancy

Country of residence

 Senegal

2551

77.8

4.8

1.00

-

1.00

-

 Mali

727

22.2

7.7

1.56

1.05–2.31

1.84

1.13–3.00

Location of residence

 In the city of the hospital

2058

63.5

5.0

1.00

-

1.00

-

 Outside the city but in the same region

982

30.3

5.1

1.18

0.77–1.80

1.49

0.91–2.44

 Outside the region

203

6.3

10.8

2.25

1.30–3.89

2.43

1.29–4.56

Age

 Less than20 years

649

19.8

4.2

1.00

-

1.00

-

 Between 20 and 35 years

2094

63.9

5.3

1.34

0.87–2.07

1.48

0.93–2.44

 More than35 years

535

16.3

7.5

1.88

1.13–3.13

2.16

1.26–3.72

Parity

 Nulliparous

691

21.1

5.5

1.00

-

  

 Multiparous without previous caesarean

2436

74.3

5.4

0.99

0.68–1.44

  

 Multiparous with previous caesarean

151

4.6

8.0

0.90

0.41–1.98

  

Number of prenatal visit

 No visit

510

15.8

7.5

1.47

0.99–2.17

1.14

0.74–1.74

 Between1 and 4

2514

78.0

4.8

1.00

-

1.00

-

 More than4

201

6.2

6.5

1.38

0.76–2.52

1.39

0.74–2.61

Preexisting disease before pregnancyb

17

0.5

35.3

9.47

3.35–26.73

7.54

2.54–22.44

Multiple pregnancy

184

5.6

5.4

1.00

0.52–1.96

  

Prepartum severe anemia (<7 g/dL)

85

2.6

25.9

7.05

4.15–11.98

6.65

3.77–11.74

Gestational hypertensive disordersc

406

12.4

7.4

1.69

1.10–2.59

1.57

0.98–2.52

Referral from another health facility

2045

62.4

5.9

1.32

0.95–1.84

1.10

0.77–1.57

Labor and delivery

Induction of labor

554

16.9

4.3

0.84

0.53–1.35

  

Prolonged labor

710

21.7

7.8

1.64

1.15–2.33

1.21

0.79-1.84

Mode of delivery

 Spontaneous vaginal

2751

84.2

4.7

1.00

-

1.00

-

 C-section after the onset of labor

316

9.7

8.2

1.77

1.13–2.78

1.54

0.91–2.61

 C-section before the onset of labor

124

3.8

7.3

1.69

0.83–3.46

1.86

0.89–3.91

 Forceps/Vacuum

77

2.4

13.0

2.80

1.39–5.68

2.63

1.19–5.81

Birth weight

 Less than 2500 grs

1594

48.6

4.8

1.00

-

1.00

-

 2500–4000 gs

1600

48.8

5.3

1.09

0.79–1.50

1.02

0.72–1.44

 More than 4000 grs

84

2.6

20.2

4.88

2.69–8.84

2.54

1.26–5.10

Total

3278

100.0

5.4

    
  1. *CFR: Case fatality rate. aaOR: Odds Ratio and 95 % confidence interval, adjusted for country of residence, location of residence, age, number of prenatal visit, preexisting disease before pregnancy, prepartum severe anemia, gestational hypertensive disorders, referred from another health facility, prolonged labor, mode of delivery and birth weight (N = 3179 PPH). Missing data: Location of residence (n = 35), number of prenatal visit (n = 53), induction of labor (n = 7), referred from another health facility (n = 1), mode of delivery (n = 10). bPreexisting disease before pregnancy: HIV, chronic pulmonary, cardiac or renal diseases, sickle cell trait or chronic hypertension. cGestational hypertensive disorders: gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELPP syndrome
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

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