Table 4 Determinants of reproductive health care utilization among urban poor

Socio-economic Position

  Poorest (ref)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Second

1.13 (0.62, 2.03)

1.22 (0.64, 2.33)

1.13 (0.63, 2.03)

1.20 (0.57, 2.49)

1.18 (0.65, 2.14)

2.16 (1.20, 3.91)

1.19 (0.59, 2.40)

  Middle

2.55 (1.35, 4.85)

3.31 (1.75, 6.27)

2.55 (1.35, 4.85)

0.92 (0.45, 1.88)

2.16 (1.13, 4.14)

1.91 (1.05, 3.48)

1.90 (0.93, 3.87)

  Fourth

2.65 (1.34, 5.24)

3.83 (1.95, 7.53)

2.65 (1.34, 5.24)

1.00 (0.48, 2.11)

3.89 (1.85, 8.18)

2.76 (1.48, 5.17)

1.82 (0.86, 3.82)

  Least poor

1.99 (0.96, 4.15)

5.86 (2.82 12.19)

1.99 (0.96, 4.15)

1.80 (0.81, 3.97)

4.87 (2.12, 11.16)

3.18 (1.62, 6.26)

1.78 (0.78, 4.06)

0.

<0.001

0.006

0.31

0.0003

0.009

0.35

Cluster vulnerability score (0–10)

1 (0.84, 1.2)

0.85 (0.72, 1.00)

1 (0.84, 1.2)

0.85 (0.72 , 0.99)

0.87 (0.76, 0.99)

1.12 (1.00, 1.26)

0.95 (0.73, 1.23)

0.98

0.057

0.99

0.041

0.04

0.05

0.68

Interval OR-80

-

0.31- 2.29

-

0.44 - 1.65

0.65 -1.17

1.12-1.12

Distance of cluster from PUHC (in km)

1.70 (0.68, 4.25)

1.30 (0.56, 3.03)

1.7 (0.68, 4.25)

1.09 (0.48, 2.47)

1.42 (0.68, 2.94)

0.59 (0.32, 1.07)

1.34 (0.37, 4.86)

0.25

0.55

0.25

0.84

0.35

0.081

0.66

Family size

  Up to 5 members

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  More than 5

1.02 (0.63, 1.67)

0.92 (0.58, 1.45)

1.02 (0.63, 1.67)

1.04 (0.62, 1.76)

0.34 (0.20, 0.59)

0.56 (0.36, 0.88)

1.60 (0.94, 2.72)

0.93

0.71

0.92

0.88

<0.001

0.012

0.081

Religion

  Non-muslim

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Muslim

0.95 (0.54, 1.68)

0.85 (0.49, 1.46)

0.95 (0.54, 1.68)

0.91 (0.49, 1.68)

0.44 (0.25, 0.76)

0.88 (0.53, 1.46)

1.11 (0.60, 2.06)

0.87

0.55

0.87

0.768

0.003

0.623

0.74

Caste

  SC/ST (ref)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  OBC

0.76 (0.43, 1.32)

1.09 (0.65, 1.84)

0.76 (0.43. 1.32)

1.42 (0.79, 2.56)

1.05 (0.59, 1.86)

1.80 (1.10, 2.94)

0.57 (0.30, 1.08)

  General

0.78 (0.49, 1.22)

0.88 (0.57, 1.35)

0.78 (0.50, 1.23)

1.36 (0.84, 2.21)

1.50 (0.92, 2.43)

1.94 (1.30, 2.88)

0.94 (0.58, 1.52)

0.42

0.66

0.489

0.35

0.23

0. 003

0.20

Family type

  Extended

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Nuclear

0.66 (0.39, 1.14)

1.71 (1.03, 2.84)

0.67 (0.39, 1.14)

1.22 (0.70, 2.11)

0.60 (0.34, 1.07)

0.46 (0.29, 0.73)

2.28 (1.26, 4.15)

0.14

0.04

0.14

0.48

0.083

0.001

0.006

Age (3 year interval)

1.12 (0.96, 1.31)

1.1 (0.94, 1.28)

1.12 (0.96, 1.31)

1.04 (0.88, 1.24)

1.14 (0.96, 1.35)

1.14 (1.00, 1.32)

1.12 (0.94. 1.32)

0.15

0.23

0.16

0.64

0.127

0.065

0.21

Literacy

  Illiterate

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Literate women

0.57 (0.31, 1.05)

0.80 (0.45, 1.44)

0.57 (0.31, 1.06)

1.10 (0.58, 2.10)

1.23 (0.69, 2.18)

1.43 (0.81, 2.52)

1.07 (0.55, 2.06)

0.075

0.46

0.075

0.77

0.49

0.21

0.84

Parity

  Multiparous

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Primi / First child

2.03 (1.29, 3.19)

1.28 (0.85. 1.92)

2.03 ( 1.29, 3.19)

1.35 (0.86, 2.13)

1.68 (1.02, 2.76)

1.65 (1.12, 2.43)

0.70 (0.43, 1.14)

0.002

0.25

0.002

0.19

0.04

0.011

0.154

ICC (unadjusted), 95 %CI

.084 (0.035, 0.189)

0.126 (0.062 0.238)

0.85 (0.35, 0.189)

0.087 (0.32, 217)

0.09 (0.47, 0.2)

0.011 (0.0002, 0.28)

0.19 (0.11, 0.34)

P value for ICC = 0

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.002

<0.001

0.27

<0.001

Model (Variance and SE of

0.13 (0.127)

0.299 (0.1512)

0.360 (0.166)

0.132 (0.1257)

0.0265 (1.004)

1.17e-34 (1.41e-16)

1.05 (0.402)

cluster), Median OR

2.63

1.68

1.77

1.41

1.16

0

2.66