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Table 4 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of SBA use for births (weighted n = 6748 in Tanzania), Tanzania DHS 2010

From: The relationship of women’s status and empowerment with skilled birth attendant use in Senegal and Tanzania

Variables

Model 1 unadjusted (bivariate)

Model 2 adjusted

Model 3 final adjusted

OR

p

CI

OR

p

CI

OR

p

CI

Independent variable

(Ref.=Primary edu)

         

 Highest education

No education

0.457

<.001

0.386

0.542

0.667

<.001

0.546

0.814

0.702

<.001

0.574

0.858

 

Secondary or above

5.564

<.001

4.088

7.573

1.515

0.009

1.111

2.066

1.428

0.024

1.047

1.946

Control variables

          

 Age at childbirth

 

0.986

0.007

0.976

0.996

1.049

<.001

1.032

1.067

1.040

<.001

1.021

1.060

 Household wealth

(Ref.=Poorest)

         
 

Poorer

1.160

0.155

0.942

1.451

1.024

0.835

0.816

1.286

1.013

0.914

0.805

1.274

Middle

1.844

<.001

1.487

2.286

1.531

<.001

1.217

1.925

1.528

<.001

1.214

1.923

Richer

3.612

<.001

2.862

4.557

2.140

<.001

1.659

2.759

2.170

<.001

1.680

2.803

Richest

21.612

<.001

15.681

29.787

6.72

<.001

4.033

9.141

5.836

<.001

3.895

8.744

 Parity

(Ref.=4th or more)

         
 

First birth

2.757

<.001

2.315

3.283

3.134

<.001

2.297

4.274

2.936

<.001

2.120

4.066

Second or third

1.731

<.001

1.502

1.996

1.901

<.001

1.537

2.350

1.778

<.001

1.422

2.223

 Employment

(Ref.= not employed)

2.163

<.001

1.867

2.506

1.230

0.017

1.038

1.457

1.197

0.039

1.009

1.420

 Household head

(Ref.= not head)

0.836

0.235

0.622

1.124

1.196

0.313

0.845

1.693

1.114

0.545

0.785

1.583

 Urban residence

(Ref.=Rural)

7.305

<.001

5.617

9.499

2.182

<.001

1.582

3.011

2.183

<.001

1.589

2.999

 Marital relationship

(Ref.=monogamous)

         
 

Polygamous as 1st wife

0.401

<.001

0.314

0.513

0.541

<.001

0.414

0.707

0.566

<.001

0.433

0.739

2nd or lower

0.560

<.001

0.449

0.699

0.639

<.001

0.494

0.827

0.672

0.003

0.519

0.870

 Having son(s)

(Ref.=No living son)

0.550

<.001

0.482

0.627

0.849

0.098

0.699

1.031

0.852

0.105

0.701

1.034

 Perceived difficulty in accessing health care

0.607

<.001

0.561

0.657

0.732

<.001

0.672

0.798

0.739

<.001

0.678

0.805

 

(scored 0–4)

         

Women’s empowerment proxy measures

         

Household decision-making power (0–3)

1.208

<.001

1.140

1.280

   

1.129

<.001

1.056

1.206

Perceptions against violence (0–5)

1.112

<.001

1.072

1.153

   

1.018

0.421

0.975

1.062

Perceptions for sex negotiation (0–2)

1.376

<.001

1.256

1.507

   

1.108

0.053

0.999

1.230

Age at first marriage

1.102

<.001

1.075

1.130

   

1.022

0.120

0.994

1.050

Intercept (coefficient)

 

−1.983

<.001

  

−2.477

<.001

  

Model statistics

  

 LR (Chi-square)

1635.0332

1683.3702

 Wald (Chi-square)

751.1497

755.8300

 DF

16

20

 p

<.001

<.001

  1. Model 1 (simple binary regression model) was assessed by each explanatory variable, and the model statistics of each model are not reported in the table. For the overall association, wald chi-square tests (from Type 3 Analysis of Effects) were assessed with education, wealth, parity, and marital relationship, showing significance at p < .001
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