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Table 2 Use of a complementary/alternative medicine practitioner (CAM) by low-risk pregnant women in primary midwifery care (N = 1500)

From: Determinants of use of care provided by complementary and alternative health care practitioners to pregnant women in primary midwifery care: a prospective cohort study

 

Consultation of a CAM practitioner

  

Yes

No

Background characteristics

N = 1500 (%)

N = 141 (9.4)

N = 1359 (90.6)

Age

   

≤20

14 (0.9)

1 (0.7)

13 (1.0)

21–35

1283 (85.6)

118 (83.7)

1165 (85.7)

≥36

202 (13.5)

22 (15.6)

180 (13.3)

Missing

1

0

1

Ethnicity

   

Native Dutch

1327 (88.6)

121 (85.8)

1206 (88.9)

Non-Western

65 (4.3)

6 (4.3)

59 (4.3)

Western Non-Dutch

106 (7.1)

14 (9.9)

92 (6.8)

Missing

2

0

2

Marital status

   

Married or living together

1467 (97.8)

137 (97.2)

1330 (97.9)

Living alone

33 (2.2)

4 (2.8)

29 (2.1)

Missing

0

0

0

Occupation

   

Employed

1264 (84.3)

117 (83.0)

1147 (84.4)

Unemployed

220 (14.7)

22 (15.6)

198 (14.6)

Disabled

16 (1.1)

2 (1.4)

14 (1.0)

Missing

0

0

0

Educational level

   

Low

164 (10.9)

11 (7.8)

153 (11.3)

Middle

508 (33.9)

42 (29.8)

466 (34.3)

High

828 (55.2)

88 (62.4)

740 (54.4)

Missing

0

0

0

Intended place of delivery

   

Hospital/Birth centre midwifery-led

856 (57.1)

85 (60.3)

771 (56.7)

Hospital consultant-led

19 (1.3)

3 (2.1)

16 (1.2)

Home

625 (41.7)

53 (37.6)

572 (42.1)

Missing

0

0

0

Religion

   

No

845 (57.2)

84 (60.0)

761 (57.0)

Yes

631 (42.8)

56 (40.0)

575 (43.0)

Missing

24

1

23

Basic and supplementary health care insurance

   

Basic and supplementary

1307 (87.4)

134 (95.0)

1173 (86.6)

Basic

188 (12.6)

7 (5.0)

181 (13.4)

Missing

5

0

5

Net household incomea

   

> €2000

1082 (72.2)

110 (78.0)

972 (71.6)

< €2000

170 (11.3)

11 (7.8)

159 (11.7)

Missing

0

0

0

Consultation of a CAM practitioner

 

Yes

No

Accessibility of care (phone)

   

Problems

252 (16.8)

25 (17.7)

227 (16.7)

No problems

1248 (83.2)

116 (82.3)

1132 (83.3)

Missing

0

0

0

Accessibility of care (getting to and from the practice)

   

Problems

65 (4.3)

6 (4.3)

59 (4.3)

No problems

1435 (95.7)

135 (95.7)

1300 (95.7)

Missing

0

0

0

General self-rated health

   

Excellent/Very good

538 (35.9)

45 (31.9)

493 (36.3)

Bad/Fair

181 (12.1)

35 (24.8)

146 (10.7)

Good

781 (52.1)

61 (43.3)

720 (53.0)

Missing

0

0

0

Quality of life (EuroQol)

   

Poor health status

313 (20.9)

44 (31.2)

269 (19.8)

Good health status

1187 (79.1)

97 (68.8)

1090 (80.2)

Missing

0

0

0

Chronic illnesses or handicaps

   

Yes

127 (8.5)

23 (16.3)

104 (7.7)

No

1373 (91.5)

118 (83.7)

1255 (92.3)

Missing

0

0

0

PRAQ-Child

   

Fear

508 (33.9)

50 (35.5)

458 (33.8)

No fear

989 (66.1)

91 (64.5)

898 (66.2)

Missing

3

0

3

PRAQ-Delivery

   

Fear

19 (1.3)

3 (2.1)

16 (1.2)

No fear

1480 (98.7)

138 (97.9)

1342 (98.8)

Missing

1

0

1

PRAQ-Body

   

Fear

418 (27.9)

43 (31.9)

373 (27.5)

No fear

1079 (72.1)

96 (68.1)

983 (72.5)

Missing

3

0

3

Planned and wantedness of pregnancyb

   

Wanted, not planned

231 (15.4)

24 (17.1)

207 (15.2)

Planned and wanted

1268 (84.6)

117 (83.3)

1151 (84.4)

Missing

1

0

1

BMI

   

≤18.5

40 (2.7)

6 (4.3)

34 (2.5)

25- < 30

274 (18.3)

26 (18.4)

248 (18.2)

≥30

72 (4.8)

5 (3.5)

67 (4.9)

18.5- < 25

1017 (67.8)

96 (68.1)

921 (67.8)

Missing

97

8

89

Parity

   

Primi/multiparous

653 (43.5)

58 (41.1)

595 (43.8)

Nulliparous

847 (56.5)

83 (58.9)

764 (56.2)

Missing

0

0

0

Difference between number of pregnancies and number of births

   

≥2

359 (24.2)

38 (27.1)

321 (23.8)

1

1127 (75.8)

102 (72.9)

1025 (76.2)

Missing

14

1

13

Locus of control

   

No

174 (11.6)

13 (9.2)

161 (11.9)

Yes

1325 (88.4)

128 (90.8)

1197 (88.1)

Missing

1

0

1

Folic acid use

   

No

110 (7.3)

9 (6.4)

101 (7.4)

Yes, inadequately

683 (45.6)

70 (49.6)

613 (45.2)

Yes, adequately

705 (47.1)

62 (44.0)

643 (47.4)

Missing

2

0

2

Smoking

   

Yes

108 (7.2)

17 (12.1)

91 (6.7)

No

1392 (92.8)

124 (87.9)

1268 (93.3)

Missing

0

0

0

Passive smoking

   

Yes

173 (11.5)

10 (7.1)

80 (5.9)

No

1326 (88.5)

131 (92.9)

1279 (94.1)

Missing

0

0

0

Alcohol use

   

Yes

173 (11.5)

30 (21.4)

143 (10.5)

No

1326 (88.5)

110 (78.6)

1216 (89.5)

Missing

1

1

0

Health care utilization in Midwifery Practice

   

Inadequate

384 (25.6)

39 (27.7)

345 (25.4)

Adequate plus

95 (6.3)

6 (4.3)

89 (6.5)

Adequate

1021 (68.1)

96 (68.1)

925 (68.1)

Missing

0

0

0

  1. aMissings in a third category (Prefer not to say)
  2. bCategory ‘not wanted, not planned’removed due to empty cells