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Table 2 COPRA labor and delivery outcomes (N = 48)

From: A comparison of inpatient with outpatient balloon catheter cervical ripening: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Variable

Inpatient N = 15 (%)

Outpatient N = 33 (%)

Risk difference (95 % CI)

Rupture of Membranes

Spontaneous

0

4 (12.1)a

-

Artificial Rupture of Membranes

15 (100)

30 (90.9)b

 

Oxytocin Infusion

14 (93.3)

23 (69.7)

−23.6 % (−43.8 to −3.5)

Reason for oxytocin infusion

Induction oflabor

8 (57.1)

14 (60.9)

 

Augmentation

6 (42.8)

9 (39.1)

 

Duration of oxytocin infusion

5 h 9 mins

7 h 47 mins

 

Mean (SDminutes)

(3 h 51 mins)

(4 h 59 mins)

 

PGE2 given in addition to catheter (ie not ARMable after removal, 1 dose only)

2 (13.3)

4 (12.1)

 

Method of delivery

Spontaneous vaginal

7 (46.7)

16 (48.5)

Overall LSCS rate 22.9 %

Instrumental

3 (20.0)

11 (33.3)

−15.1 % (−42.4 to 12.1)

Caesarean section

5 (33.3)

6 (18.2)

c/s

Indications for caesarean section

(n = 5)

(n = 6)

-

Fetal distress

1 (20.0)

-

 

Lack of progress

3 (60.0)

6 (100.0)

 

Other (malpresentation, etc.)

1 (20.0)

-

 

Mean (SD) length of active labor, vaginal births

(n = 10) 8 h 0 mins (6 h 54 min)

(n = 27) 7 h 34 min (4 h 14 min)

 

Vaginal delivery within 24 h of priming catheter?

4 (26.7)

11 (33.3)

-

Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to active labour (vaginal delivery)

19 h 49 mins (3 h 3 mins)

17 h 28 mins (3 h 54 mins)

 

Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to ARM

17 h 39 mins (5 h 6 mins)

17 h 37 mins (3 h 38 mins)

 

Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to vaginal deliveryc

29 h 01 mins (8 h 5 mins)

24 h 51 mins (5 h 32 mins)

 

Mean (SD) hours hospital admission to deliveryc

21 h 27 mins (5 h 18 mins)

14 h 15 mins (7 h 20 mins)

 

Labor analgesiaepidurald

11 (73.3)

23 (69.7)

-

Labor complicationse

Meconium-stained liquor

1 (6.7)

4 (12.1)

 

PPH >500 ml (vaginal births) or 1 L c/s

2 (13.3)

6 (18.1)

 

Pyrexia during labor

0 -

1 (3.0)

 

Hyperstimulation

1

1f

 

Failed primings

-

-g

 
  1. aAll cases of spontaneous rupture of membranes occurred in hospital
  2. bn = 1 case of spontaneous rupture of membranes, followed by ARM
  3. cExcludes n = 1 outpatient case whose management changed & delivered spont 5 days after catheter removal
  4. dIncludes n = 2 (1 in each group of spinal anaesthesia)
  5. eWomen may have more than one labor complication. PPH, post-partum hemorrhage
  6. fWoman also received PGE2 priming gels
  7. gn = 1 change of management; women 39+3 had catheter for 12 h, high head, IOL abandoned, NVD 5 days later