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Table 3 Distribution of service-related reasons for not utilizing ANC services by respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics

From: Barriers to antenatal care use in Nigeria: evidences from non-users and implications for maternal health programming

Characteristics

Distance from health facility

Different sex with provider

No skilled health worker at the facility

Poor attitude of the provider

Cannot trust provider with personal information

Good drugs not available at facility

Location

      

Urban

*33.7

*18.0

22.3

22.8

16.4

20.4

Rural

52.0

22.2

26.2

24.4

20.8

23.1

Education

      

No Formal Ed

*53.5

*25.6

*29.1

*27.2

*23.5

*25.8

Qur’anic Only

57.3

27.3

30.4

28.5

24.1

24.7

Primary

41.0

13.9

19.5

18.2

13.6

19.1

Secondary

34.4

10.7

16.3

15.1

11.5

13.0

Higher

38.1

12.2

17.1

31.0

11.9

19.0

Marital Status

      

CM or LWSP

49.2

*22.5

26.1

24.7

*20.7

*23.5

Form Married

43.8

7.4

18.9

16.8

11.5

9.5

Never Married

45.6

8.8

19.3

15.8

10.5

14.0

Age At Birth

      

<20

53.8

*24.7

25.3

25.3

20.3

22.0

20-24

53.2

23.1

27.5

24.6

21.0

23.5

25-34

48.2

22.9

26.2

25.7

21.2

24.5

35-49

44.7

17.0

22.9

20.9

17.3

19.0

Wealth quintiles

      

Poorest

*58.7

*27.0

*30.8

*28.4

*24.9

*27.0

Poorer

49.2

21.9

26.7

24.2

20.7

23.7

Average

40.4

13.4

20.1

18.8

12.5

16.0

Wealthier

28.4

10.6

11.5

14.4

11.1

13.5

Wealthiest

20.9

14.3

15.2

20.7

12.1

14.1

Zone

      

North Central

*49.2

*14.3

*19.4

*21.3

*15.0

*13.7

North East

63.5

32.0

43.0

35.4

28.1

40.8

North West

51.1

28.7

28.8

28.1

26.1

24.9

South East

40.3

3.8

13.0

10.4

9.1

12.8

South South

36.4

6.2

11.0

9.9

7.7

11.7

South West

30.9

8.8

12.9

14.3

7.4

10.6

Tribe

      

Hausa/Fulani

*53.4

*29.6

*30.5

*29.3

*26.4

*26.6

Igbo

36.3

3.9

13.7

12.7

8.9

15.8

Yoruba

27.8

7.8

11.2

14.5

8.9

11.7

Others

48.8

15.5

23.4

20.6

15.1

20.5

Religion

      

Islam

*52.1

*27.7

*30.0

*28.7

*24.3

*27.0

Christian

41.8

9.6

17.0

15.5

12.0

14.4

Others

54.3

8.6

16.7

14.3

11.4

11.1

Employment

      

Employed

*49.1

21.6

25.5

24.1

20.0

22.6

Unemployed

39.5

15.8

26.3

22.4

18.4

22.4

Total

48.8

21.4

25.5

24.1

20.0

22.6

  1. *Significant at 5% CM/LWSP Currently married or Living with sexual partner.