Access
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Convenience of access
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Distance & transport connectivity
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Access to drugs; opening and closing timings
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Structure
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Physical environment
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-
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Good infrastructure, electricity, water supply, waiting area, seating arrangement, facility management (patient access and consultation systems, information channels, financial management)
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Cleanliness
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Cleanliness, clean toilets, hygiene maintenance
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Housekeeping services
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Human resources
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-
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Staffing adequacy, availability of doctors to manage emergencies, availability of nursing personnel
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Medicines, supplies & services
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Availability of drugs and equipment
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Availability of - ‘good’ services; ambulance services; lab services; blood supply & transfusion services
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Process of care
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Promptness of care
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Waiting time before admission or consultation
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Timely attendance, constant attention; prompt referral; immediate contact with newborn
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Interpersonal behavior
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Respectful behavior by doctors, nurses and support staff
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Therapeutic communication; encouragement during delivery
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Privacy & confidentiality
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Privacy & confidentiality during examinations and delivery
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-
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Perception of ‘good’ care
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Length of consultation; completeness of procedures; perception of negligent care; perceived provider competence
|
-
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Cognitive support
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Prenatal counseling and health education
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Information shared with women about their condition and care; sense of ‘participation’ in the process; culturally sensitive communication
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Emotional support
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Birth companion of choice
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Social networks of expectant mothers; support from family members
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Preference for female providers
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Preference for female providers
|
-
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Cost
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Cost of care
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Financial cost of care
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Affordable drugs, availability of financial support for care
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Outcome
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Delivery outcome
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-
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Healthy newborn; survival of maternal illness; successful labour outcome for mother & baby
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Other determinants
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Maternal characteristics
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-
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Age, parity, whether pregnancy was intended, stress during delivery and postpartum
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Socio-cultural determinants
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Literacy
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Ethnicity, religion, type of locality where facility is located, expectation of baby’s gender, positive impact of first experience of care
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