From: Changes in maternal hemoglobin during pregnancy and birth outcomes
Birth outcome | Hb changes from early pregnancy | Crude model | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | ||
Birth weight (g) | ΔHb (mid-Hb – early Hb) | −51.0** | −72.9 to −29.1 | −45.2** | −67.0 to −23.4 | −46.9** | −68.5 to −25.2 | −73.5** | −98.0 to −48.9 |
ΔHb (late Hb – early Hb) | −48.8** | −64.4 to −33.3 | −45.0** | −60.4 to −29.5 | −47.8** | −63.1 to −32.4 | −76.1** | −94.0 to −58.2 | |
Z-score of birth weight | ΔHb (mid-Hb – early Hb) | −0.17** | −0.22 to −0.11 | −0.15** | −0.20 to −0.093 | −0.15** | −0.21 to −0.096 | −0.21** | −0.28 to −0.15 |
ΔHb (late Hb – early Hb) | −0.15** | −0.19 to −0.11 | −0.14** | −0.18 to −0.10 | −0.14** | −0.18 to −0.11 | −0.21** | −0.26 to −0.17 | |
Placental weight (g) | ΔHb (mid-Hb – early Hb) | −22.5** | −28.4 to −16.5 | −20.7** | −26.7 to −14.8 | −20.8** | −26.7 to −14.9 | −27.3** | −34.0 to −20.6 |
ΔHb (late Hb – early Hb) | −20.0** | −24.2 to −15.8 | −18.4** | −22.6 to −14.3 | −18.8** | −22.9 to −14.6 | −26.1** | −30.9 to −21.2 | |
Placental ratio (x1000) | ΔHb (mid-Hb – early Hb) | −4.4** | −6.0 to −2.8 | −4.2** | −5.8 to −2.6 | −4.1** | −5.7 to −2.5 | −4.7** | −6.5 to −2.8 |
ΔHb (late Hb – early Hb) | −3.7** | −4.8 to −2.6 | −3.4** | −4.5 to −2.2 | −3.3** | −4.5 to −2.2 | −4.0** | −5.4 to −2.7 |