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Table 2 Univariate simple and multiple linear regressions of maternal risk factor variables (z-score) on offspring’s birth weight (g) and sum of skinfolds (mm)

From: Effects of early pregnancy BMI, mid-gestational weight gain, glucose and lipid levels in pregnancy on offspring’s birth weight and subcutaneous fat: a population-based cohort study

 

Model 0

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

 

Simple

Adjusted

Model 1 + BMI

Model 2 + Weight gain

Model 3 + interaction term

 

β

P

β

(95% CI)

β

(95% CI)

β

(95% CI)

β

(95% CI)

Birth weight (g)

          

 Fasting glucose

83.5

<0.001

79,5

(42.5 to 115.1)

64,9

(26.5 to 103.3)

43,2

(5.4 to 81.1)

43,7

(5.9 to 81.5)

 2-hour glucose

34.7

0.069

11,4

(-24.7 to 47.5)

9,7

(-26.2 to 45.7)

15,9

(-19.1 to 50.8)

16,6

(-18.3 to 51.5)

 HDL-cholesterol

−43.3

0.023

−28,1

(-63.1 to 6.9)

−27,2

(-62.0 to 7.6)

−41,6

(-75.6 to -7.5)

−44,5

(-78.6 to -10.4)

 Triglycerides

30,8

0.105

32,5

(-4.2 to 69.2)

27,8

(-8.7 to 64.5)

35,0

(-0.7 to 70.6)

34,9

(-0.6 to 70.5)

 BMI in early pregnancy

127.2

<0.001

  

49,5

(12.6 to 86.4)

68,3

(32.0 to 104.5)

  

  BMI in Europeans

        

33,5

(17.1 to 50.0)

  BMI in non-Europeans

        

103,7

(54.7 to 152.7)

 Weight gain a

79.5

<0.001

    

110,7

(76.6 to 144.9)

111,3

(77.2 to 145.3)

Sum of skinfolds (mm)

          

 Fasting glucose

0.92

<0.001

0,75

(0.39 to 1.12

0,73

(0.36 to 1.11)

0,57

(0.19 to 0.95)

0,58

(0.20 to 0.96)

 2-hour glucose

0.73

<0.001

0,40

(0.05 to 0.75)

0,40

(0.05 to 0.75)

0,44

(0.09 to 0.78)

0,44

(0.09 to 0.78)

 HDL-cholesterol

−0,22

0.199

−0,09

(-0.43 to 0.25)

−0,09

(-0.43 to 0.26)

−0,18

(-0.52 to 0.16)

−0,19

(-0.54 to 0.15)

 Triglycerides

0.39

0.025

0,21

(-0.15 to 0.57)

0,20

(-0.15 to 0.56)

0,24

(-0.11 to 0.60)

0,25

(-0.11 to 0.60)

 BMI in early pregnancy

0.77

<0.001

  

0,08

(-0.30 to 0.47)

0,25

(-0.13 to 0.64)

  

  BMI in Europeans

        

0,10

(-0.08 to 0.28)

  BMI in non-Europeans

        

0,41

(-0.11 to 0.92)

 Weight gain a

0.48

0.006

    

0,72

(0.38 to 1.06)

 

(0.38 to 1.06)

  1. Maternal risk factor variables are expressed as standard deviations (SDs). Values are β and P-value in Model 0, and in the remaining models; β (95% CI), with 1SD increase in maternal risk factor variables representing a unit change in birth weight (g) or sum of skinfolds (mm).
  2. Model 0 are simple regression analyses, listed variables analyzed separately.
  3. Model 1 is a multiple regression of the risk factor variables entered simultaneously, adjusted for gestational week at inclusion, maternal age, parity, smoking status, ethnic origin, offspring’s sex and gestational age.
  4. Model 2 = model 1+ early pregnancy BMI.
  5. Model 3 = model 2 + weight gain.
  6. Model 4 = model 3 + interaction term, BMI X European ethnic origin. β’s for BMI are presented separately for Europeans and non-Europeans in Model 4.
  7. Bold β value indicates P < 0.05.
  8. a Weight gain from Visit 1 (gestational week 15) to Visit 2 (gestational week 28).
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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