Table 4 Maternal characteristics and malaria infection, and associations with low fetal weight and change in weight z-scores (∆z)

Number of intervals

833

Episodes of low fetal weight gain

208

Interval-specific

Malaria infection before interval

20.7 (172/833)

1.18 (0.87, 1.58)

0.287

1.13 (0.84, 1.52)

0.431

- 0.12 [−0.30, 0.06]

0.179

−0.11 [−0.29, 0.07]

0.232

Malaria infection during interval

8.2 (68/833)

1.08 (0.72, 1.62)

0.711

0.94 (0.62, 1.44)

0.774

−0.06 [−0.30, 0.17]

0.607

−0.04 [−0.28, 0.19]

0.721

At enrolment

Malaria infection

13.1 (69/527)

1.18 (0.85, 1.63)

0.324

1.10 (0.79, 1.54)

0.561

−0.06 [−0.26, 0.14]

0.556

−0.04 [−0.24, 0.16]

0.683

MUAC <22 cm

13.6 (70/516)

1.22 (0.93, 1.59)

0.145

1.12 (0.93, 1.59)

0.156

−0.18 [−0.36, 0.01]

0.057

−0.16 [−0.34, 0.03]

0.095

Body mass index <18.5 kg/m³

4.6 (24/522)

2.10 (1.62, 2.71)

<0.001

2.08 (1.62, 2.68)

<0.001

−0.39 [−0.69, −0.08]

0.014

−0.35 [−0.66, −0.05]

0.024

Height <150 cm

21.4 (115/522)

1.26 (0.97, 1.63)

0.080

1.18 (0.92, 1.53)

0.198

−0.12 [−0.28, −0.04]

0.150

−0.09 [−0.25, 0.07]

0.256

Haemoglobin <90 g/L

22.3 (115/515)

1.18 (0.91, 1.52)

0.213

1.17 (0.91, 1.51)

0.225

−0.22 [−0.37, −0.06]

0.006

−0.18 [−0.34, −0.03]

0.021