Table 1 Demographic data of women with type 1, type 2 diabetes and controls

Total n = 983

215

447

108

213

Mean age

31.9 ± 5.6

32 ± 5.7

33.7 ± 4.8

32.6 ± 4.8

0.0001

Non-Caucasian ethnicity

0.14% (n = 3)

0.13% (n = 6)

30% (n = 33)

22% (n = 45)

0.0001

Mean first BMI (kg/m²)

28.3 ± 4.8

28.4 ± 4.9

34.9 ± 6.7

33.2 ± 6.2

0.001

Mean gravidity

2.3 ± 1.4

2.3 ± 1.5

2.9 ± 2.3

2.7 ± 1.7

0.002

Attended pre-pregnancy care

44%

-

34%

-

0.02

Pre-pregnancy folic acid use

65%

47%

55%

43%

ns

Mean duration of Diabetes (years)

14 ± 8.2

-

4.3 ± 3.8

-

0.001