Table 2 Data analytic framework

The lack of competences and clinical skills

Antenatal care standard implementation

Barriers

Too many procedures that have to be accomplished

Passed the procedure

Difficult to manage the time to accomplished all procedures

Too many patients to be handled

Easy to feel irritable or impatient when having a long queing of patients that have to treated

Unclear procedures guideline

Not sure to implement the procedure guideline

Hb test is not always be done to every women

Afraid of making a mistake

Unclear when Hb test should be taken

Doubt to take an action

Preoccupied with administrative work

Writing some reports

A lot of papers works: writing many reports

Facilitators

May delegate the task

Delegate the task to student

Asked the student to give health education

Experience in anaemia prevention

Knowledge and skills competences

Unconfident

Not confident to give health education

Feel uncapable to deliver health information

Not sure when detecting an early signs of anaemia

Doubtful with what has been done in order to detect an early signs of anaemia

Doubts with iron tablet prescribing

Influence of cultural beliefs on family participation in antenatal care

Cultural competences

Difficult to manage

Food taboo for pregnant women

Meat, fish, or eggs is forbidden to be eaten

Strong believes in traditional healer

Family took the woman to the traditional healer

Pregnancy is female business

Unusual for man to participate in prenatal care

Insufficient facilities, resources and support of staff

Resources and facilities

Availabilty

Lack of learning resources

Learning resources is not available in PHC

Unavailable of booklets or other media as health information resources

Staff shortages

Limited staff and facilities in PHC

Laboratory test can be delayed when the laboratory staff is out of duty

PHC has one laboratory staff