Total births | Stillbirths | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 53293 | (%) | n = 329 | (%) | ||||
Ethnicity | White | 26,390 | (49.5) | 99 | (30.1) | ref | |
Black | 17,337 | (32.5) | 157 | (47.7) | 2.43 (1.88-3.13) | <0.001 | |
Asian | 2,957 | (5.5) | 27 | (8.2) | 2.45 (1.60-3.75) | <0.001 | |
Other | 5,790 | (10.9) | 40 | (12.2) | 1.85 (1.27-2.69) | 0.001 | |
Missing | 813 | (1.5) | 6 | (1.8) | |||
Deprivation (IMD) | Quintile 1 (least deprived) | 1,636 | (3.1) | 7 | (2.1) | 0.64 (0.30-1.37) | 0.25 |
Quintile 2 | 3,056 | (5.7) | 16 | (4.9) | 0.78 (0.46-1.32) | 0.36 | |
Quintile 3 | 6,072 | (11.4) | 31 | (9.4) | 0.76 (0.51-1.14) | 0.19 | |
Quintile 4 | 23,997 | (45.0) | 151 | (45.9) | 0.94 (0.74-1.20) | 0.64 | |
Quintile 5 (most deprived) | 18,147 | (34.1) | 121 | (36.8) | ref | ||
Missing | 385 | (0.7) | 3 | (0.9) | |||
Maternal age | <20 yrs | 2,041 | (3.8) | 11 | (3.3) | 0.84 (0.44-1.58) | 0.58 |
20-24 yrs | 7,217 | (13.5) | 39 | (11.9) | 0.84 (0.56-1.24) | 0.38 | |
25-29 yrs | 12,125 | (22.8) | 78 | (23.7) | ref | ||
30-34 yrs | 17,473 | (32.8) | 100 | (30.4) | 0.89 (0.65-1.20) | 0.45 | |
35-39 yrs | 11,441 | (21.5) | 74 | (22.5) | 1.00 (0.73-1.39) | 0.97 | |
40+ yrs | 2,996 | (5.6) | 27 | (8.2) | 1.40 (0.90-2.18) | 0.13 | |
Per year increase in age | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.039 | |||||
BMI | Underweight | 1,413 | (2.7) | 7 | (2.1) | 1.01 (0.47-2.16) | 0.98 |
Recommended | 24,423 | (45.8) | 120 | (36.5) | ref | ||
Overweight | 10,503 | (19.7) | 70 | (21.3) | 1.36 (1.00-1.84) | 0.046 | |
Obese | 6,339 | (11.9) | 61 | (18.5) | 1.97 (1.44-2.68) | <0.001 | |
Missing | 10,615 | (19.9) | 71 | (21.6) | 1.36 (1.02-1.83) | 0.04 | |
Parity | Nulliparous | 30,856 | (57.9) | 168 | (51.1) | 1.03 (0.76-1.36) | 0.85 |
Para 1 | 13,196 | (24.8) | 70 | (21.3) | ref | ||
Para 2+ | 9,170 | (17.2) | (27.7) | 1.88 (1.37-2.57) | <0.001 | ||
Missing | 71 | (0.1) | 0 | (0.0) | |||
Single status | Married or living with partner | 38,987 | (73.2) | 240 | (72.9) | ref | |
Single | 14,167 | (26.6) | 88 | (26.7) | 1.01 (0.79-1.29) | 0.94 | |
Missing | 139 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) | |||
Smoking | Non-smoker at booking | 44,205 | 278 | (84.5) | ref | ||
Smoker at booking | 3,327 | 26 | (7.9) | 1.01 (0.79-1.29) | 0.29 | ||
Missing | 5,761 | (10.8) | 25 | (7.6) | |||
Hypertensive disorders | No hypertension | 50,721 | (95.2) | 295 | (89.7) | ref | |
Hypertension | 2,572 | (4.8) | 34 | (10.3) | 2.29 (1.61-3.26) | <0.001 | |
Diabetes | No diabetes | 52,064 | (97.7) | 317 | (96.4) | ref | |
Diabetes | 1,229 | (2.3) | 12 | (3.6) | 1.61 (0.90-2.87) | 0.11 |