The association between maternal blood pressures and offspring size at birth in Southeast Asian women

Table 5 The association between maternal blood pressures (per 1-SD increase) and low birth weight and small for gestational age

	N	Peripheral systolic blood pressure (1 SD = 11.1 mmHg)	Peripheral diastolic blood pressure (1 SD = 8.3 mmHg)	Central systolic blood pressure (1 SD = 10.0 mmHg)	Central pulse pressure (1 SD = 6.5 mmHg)
	N	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Low birth weight
All women^*	713	1.64 (1.12 to 2.41)	1.82 (1.27 to 2.61)	1.85 (1.29 to 2.67)	1.17 (0.85 to 1.62)
BMI categories^**
BMI <25.0 kg/m²	329	2.12 (1.27 to 3.53)	1.70 (1.06 to 2.72)	2.41 (1.45 to 3.99)	1.82 (1.15 to 2.88)
BMI ≥25.0 kg/m²	384	1.09 (0.60 to 1.99)	1.88 (1.09 to 3.24)	1.28 (0.73 to 2.24)	0.62 (0.34 to 1.13)
P for interaction		0.11	0.86	0.14	0.01
Small for gestational age
All women^*	713	1.58 (1.16 to 2.14)	1.41 (1.06 to 1.89)	1.70 (1.27 to 2.28)	1.36 (1.05 to 1.76)
BMI categories^**
BMI <25.0 kg/m²	329	1.88 (1.24 to 2.86)	1.43 (0.97 to 2.09)	2.01 (1.35 to 3.00)	1.74 (1.19 to 2.53)
BMI ≥25.0 kg/m²	384	1.17 (0.72 to 1.92)	1.27 (0.79 to 2.03)	1.26 (0.79 to 2.03)	1.04 (0.69 to 1.55)
P for interaction		0.04	0.44	0.06	0.04

SD, standard deviation; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
^*Multiple logistic regression models were used with adjustment for baby’s sex, gestation at delivery, maternal age, ethnicity, education, parity, smoking history, height, BMI at 27 weeks gestation, coffee consumption and depression. In the analysis of small for gestational age, gestation weeks at delivery was not adjusted for.
^**Adjusted baby’s sex, gestation at delivery, maternal age, ethnicity, education, parity, smoking history, height, BMI at 27 weeks gestation, coffee consumption and depression. In the analysis for small for gestational age, gestation at delivery was not adjusted for. Women with BMI 25.0-29.9 or ≥ 30.0 kg/m² were grouped together due to problems with small sample size and model convergence.

ISSN: 1471-2393