Maternal and neonatal factors associated with mode of delivery under a universal newborn hearing screening programme in Lagos, Nigeria

Table 4 Obstetric predictors of mode of delivery after multinomial logistic regression^$

Factor	Emergency c-section vs vaginal delivery Adjusted odds ratio (95% Confidence interval)	Emergency c-section vs elective c-section Adjusted odds ratio (95% Confidence interval)	Vaginal delivery vs elective c-section Adjusted odds ratio (95% Confidence interval)
Antenatal care
One or more visits	1.0	1.0	1.0
None	2.54 (2.14 - 3.03)***	3.23 (2.46 - 4.24)***	1.27 (0.96 - 1.68)
Herbal drug in pregnancy
None	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	0.76 (0.60 - 0.95)*	1.06 (0.75 - 1.51)	1.40 (0.99 - 1.99)
Hypertensive conditions
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	4.80 (3.52 - 6.52)***	1.12 (0.75 - 1.68)	0.23 (0.15 -0.36)***
Ante-partum haemorrhage
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	72.58 (17.08 - 308.47)***	3.49 (1.04 - 11.72)*	0.05 (0.01 - 0.30)**
Cephalopelvic disproportion
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	79.83 (29.00 - 219.78)***	1.36 (0.87 - 2.13)	0.02 (0.01 - 0.05)***
Premature rupture of membranes
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	3.38 (1.66 - 6.87)***	1.93 (0.70 - 5.31)	0.57 (0.19 - 1.75)
Prolonged/obstructed labour
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	59.95 (37.11 - 96.84)***	5.06 (3.16 - 8.10)***	0.08 (0.04 - 0.16)***
Malpresentation
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	6.70 (4.82 - 9.32)***	0.91 (0.63 - 1.32)	0.14 (0.09 - 0.21)***
Previous caesarean section
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	59.41 (34.46 - 102.42)***	0.41 (0.31 - 0.54)***	0.01 (0.00 - 0.01)***
Maternal HIV
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	1.40 (1.00 - 1.97)*	0.45 (0.29 -0.69)***	0.32 (0.21 - 0.49)***
Multiple gestations
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	2.39 (1.75 - 3.26)***	1.08 (0.71 - 1.64)	0.45 (0.29 - 0.70)***
Fetal distress
No	1.0	1.0	1.0
Yes	116.25 (36.28 - 372.50)***	16.61 (4.04 - 68.29)***	0.14 (0.02 - 0.87)*

^$After adjusting for all socio-demographic factors; *p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. c-section = caesarean section; vs = versus/compared with

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