| Indonesia |  |  | Malaysia |  |  | The Philippines |  |  | Thailand |  |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Overall | Tertiary | District | Overall | Tertiary 1 | Tertiary 2 | Overall | Tertiary 1 | Tertiary 2 | Overall | Regional | University | Provincial |
 | n = 2086 | n = 1019 | n = 1067 | n = 2379 | n = 1249 | n = 1130 | n = 2085 | n = 1026 | n = 1059 | n = 3000 | n = 1000 | n = 1000 | n = 1000 |
Rate of caesarean section | 29.6 | 28.7 | 30.6 | 19.1 | 21.1 | 16.8 | 22.7 | 12.3 | 32.9 | 34.8 | 33.3 | 33.2 | 38.0 |
Indication for caesarean section | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Malpresentations | 5.5 | 3.8 | 7.1 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 4.3 |
Previous caesarean section | 4.5 | 3.0 | 5.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 10.1 | 6.6 | 13.4 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 11.0 |
Cephalopelvic disproportion | 3.8 | 2.0 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 4.6 | 11.4 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 15.2 |
Fetal distress | 3.3 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 3.8 | 3.7 |
Failure to progress | 3.4 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.6 |
Antepartum haemorrhage | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia | 2.2 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.7 |
Maternal request | 2.1 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Premature rupture of membranes | 1.6 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Other Maternal conditions | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 0.8 |
Multiple pregnancy | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
Other | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.0 |