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Table 2 Odds Ratios for dystocia with 95% confidence intervals according to obstetric characteristics

From: Obstetric risk indicators for labour dystocia in nulliparous women: A multi-centre cohort study

 

N 2810

Un-adjusted

OR

Adjusted OR*

(95% CI)

All variables

included

All variables included

except birth weight

Trend† OR

(95% CI)

Infertility treatment prior to current pregnancy

      

   No

2449

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Yes

184

1.13

0.95 (0.69–1.31)

0.92 (0.65–1.29)

1.09 (0.78–1.53)

 

   Missing

177

     

Dilatation of cervix at admission

     

0.83

(0.80–0.86)

   0–3 cm

1086

1.67

1.63 (1.38–1.92)

1.29 (1.06–1.57)

1.21 (1.00–1.47)

 

   4–10 cm

1575

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Missing

149

     

Consistency of cervix at admission

      

   Tense

585

1.25

1.31 (1.04–1.65)

1.0 (0.79–1.26)

0.98 (0.79–1.23)

 

   Soft

1794

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Missing

431

     

Thickness of lower segment at admission

      

   Thick

583

1.30

1.32 (1.09–1.61)

0.88 (0.69–1.12)

0.91 (0.72–1.14)

 

   Thin

1712

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Missing

515

     

Descent of fetal head at admission

      

   Above the inter-spinal-line

2367

2.33

2.29 (1.80–2.92)

1.80(1.32–2.45)

1.92 (1.42–2.58)

 

   At or under the inter-spinal-line

311

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Missing

132

     

Fetal head-to-cervix contact

      

   Good

1921

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Poor

159

1.88

1.83 (1.31–2.56)

1.62 (1.09–2.40)

1.57 (1.08–2.27)

 

   Cannot be assessed

455

     

   Missing

275

     

Birth weight

     

1.001

(1.00–1.00)

   2000–2499 gr

23

0.14

0.14 (0.32–0.60)

0.27 (0.61–1.21)

  

   2500–2999 gr

282

0.57

0.51 (0.38–0.69)

0.55 (0.40–0.77)

  

   3000–3499 gr

1040

0.78

0.74 (0.62–0.89)

0.76 (0.62–0.93)

  

   3500–3999 gr

1016

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

  

   4000–4499 gr

392

1.23

1.29 (1.02–1.65)

1.06 (0.83–1.41)

  

   ≥ 4500 gr

53

1.36

1.37 (0.78–2.41)

1.32 (0.70–2.46)

  

Epidural analgesia

      

   No epidural

2284

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 

   Epidural analgesia

316

5.49

5.65 (4.33–7.38)

4.65 (3.53–6.13)

4.77 (3.65–6.22)

 
  1. * Crude Odds Ratios controlled for age, height, pre-pregnancy BMI and physical activity, including a variable for the participating departments (9 levels).
  2. † Test for trend performed on continuous variables. First line: Regression coefficient for change in OR per unit increased, second line: 95% CI.