From: Obstetric risk indicators for labour dystocia in nulliparous women: A multi-centre cohort study
N 2810 | Un-adjusted OR | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | All variables included | All variables included except birth weight | Trend† OR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infertility treatment prior to current pregnancy | ||||||
No | 2449 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Yes | 184 | 1.13 | 0.95 (0.69–1.31) | 0.92 (0.65–1.29) | 1.09 (0.78–1.53) | |
Missing | 177 | |||||
Dilatation of cervix at admission | 0.83 (0.80–0.86) | |||||
0–3 cm | 1086 | 1.67 | 1.63 (1.38–1.92) | 1.29 (1.06–1.57) | 1.21 (1.00–1.47) | |
4–10 cm | 1575 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Missing | 149 | |||||
Consistency of cervix at admission | ||||||
Tense | 585 | 1.25 | 1.31 (1.04–1.65) | 1.0 (0.79–1.26) | 0.98 (0.79–1.23) | |
Soft | 1794 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Missing | 431 | |||||
Thickness of lower segment at admission | ||||||
Thick | 583 | 1.30 | 1.32 (1.09–1.61) | 0.88 (0.69–1.12) | 0.91 (0.72–1.14) | |
Thin | 1712 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Missing | 515 | |||||
Descent of fetal head at admission | ||||||
Above the inter-spinal-line | 2367 | 2.33 | 2.29 (1.80–2.92) | 1.80(1.32–2.45) | 1.92 (1.42–2.58) | |
At or under the inter-spinal-line | 311 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Missing | 132 | |||||
Fetal head-to-cervix contact | ||||||
Good | 1921 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Poor | 159 | 1.88 | 1.83 (1.31–2.56) | 1.62 (1.09–2.40) | 1.57 (1.08–2.27) | |
Cannot be assessed | 455 | |||||
Missing | 275 | |||||
Birth weight | 1.001 (1.00–1.00) | |||||
2000–2499 gr | 23 | 0.14 | 0.14 (0.32–0.60) | 0.27 (0.61–1.21) | ||
2500–2999 gr | 282 | 0.57 | 0.51 (0.38–0.69) | 0.55 (0.40–0.77) | ||
3000–3499 gr | 1040 | 0.78 | 0.74 (0.62–0.89) | 0.76 (0.62–0.93) | ||
3500–3999 gr | 1016 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | ||
4000–4499 gr | 392 | 1.23 | 1.29 (1.02–1.65) | 1.06 (0.83–1.41) | ||
≥ 4500 gr | 53 | 1.36 | 1.37 (0.78–2.41) | 1.32 (0.70–2.46) | ||
Epidural analgesia | ||||||
No epidural | 2284 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Epidural analgesia | 316 | 5.49 | 5.65 (4.33–7.38) | 4.65 (3.53–6.13) | 4.77 (3.65–6.22) |