From: Maternal risk factors for abnormal placental growth: The national collaborative perinatal project
Maternal Socio-Demographic Characteristics | |
---|---|
Age (years) | 24.5 ± 5.9 |
Education (years) | Â |
   ≥ 12 | 11,087 (47.4) |
   < 12 | 12,333 (52.7) |
Race | Â |
   White | 12,198 (52.1) |
   Black | 11,222 (47.9) |
Annual Family Income | Â |
   ≥ $5,000†| 6,907 (29.5) |
   < $5,000†| 16,513 (70.5) |
Smoking Intensity | 22.8 ± 4.3 |
   Non-Smoker | 12, 350 (52.7) |
   Light Smoker (< 1 pack/day) | 7, 084 (30.3) |
   Heavy Smoker (≥ 1 pack/day) | 3, 986 (17.0) |
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 4.3 |
Pregnancy weight gain (kg) | 9.7 ± 5.0 |
Maternal Obstetric Characteristics | Â |
   Anemia | 5,024 (21.5) |
   Gestational Diabetes | 360 (1.6) |
   Hypertensive disease | 543 (2.3) |
   Parity |  |
Nulliparous | 6,687 (28.6) |
Parous | 16,733 (71.5) |
Placental Characteristics | Â |
Placental Weight (grams) | 438 ± 92 |
Placental thickness (mm) | 21.9 ± 4.8 |
Chorionic plate area (cm2) | 247.5 ± 51.3 |