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Table 1 Subgroup analyses of accuracy of biochemical screening to predict small for gestational age and pre-eclampsia (random effects pooling).

From: Serum screening with Down's syndrome markers to predict pre-eclampsia and small for gestational age: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Small for gestational age

Analyte Subgroup

Positive Likelihood Ratio (95% CI)

Negative Likelihood Ratio (95% CI)

Sensitivity (95% CI)

Specificity (95% CI)

HCG>90 th centile (BW<10th centile)

Trimester

    

First

1.48 (0.57–3.81)

0.92 (0.72–1.17)

0.21 (0.06–0.46)

0.86 (0.79–0.91)

Second

1.68 (0.37–7.63)

0.97 (0.86–1.09)

0.08 (0.01–0.26)

0.95 (0.90–0.98)

HCG<10 th centile (BW<10th centile)

Trimester

    

First

1.29 (0.05–33.56)

1.14 (0.53–2.43)

0.13 (0.10–0.16)

0.60 (0.57–0.63)

Second

2.35 (0.80–6.92)

0.90 (0.76–1.08)

0.16 (0.05–0.36)

0.93 (0.88–0.97)

HCG>2.0MoM (BW<5th centile)

Trimester

    

First

0.96 (0.55–1.68)

1.01 (0.88–1.17)

0.20 (0.10–0.34)

0.79 (0.77–0.81)

Second

2.08 (1.78–2.42)

0.94 (0.92–0.95)

0.12 (0.10–0.14)

0.94 (0.94–0.95)

PAPPA<10 th centile (BW<10 th centile)

Trimester

    

First

1.68 (1.25–2.27)

0.93 (0.88–0.98)

0.17 (0.16–0.19)

0.90 (0.89–0.90)

Second

1.82 (0.95–3.50)

0.91 (0.75–1.05)

0.20 (0.10–0.33)

0.89 (0.85–0.92)

Pre-eclampsia

HCG>2.0MoM

Trimester

    

First

1.77 (1.07–2.92)

0.80 (0.60–1.07)

0.37 (0.19–0.58)

0.79 (0.77–0.81)

Second

2.45 (1.57–3.84)

0.89 (0.83–0.96)

0.19 (0.17–0.21)

0.93 (0.93–0.93)

  1. (CI confidence intervals, AFP alpha feto-protein, HCG human chorionic gonadotrophin, BW birth weight, MoM multiple of median). Analyses according to gestation of testing of accuracy of biochemical screening to predict small for gestational age and pre-eclampsia (random effects pooling). (CI confidence intervals, HCG human chorionic gonadotrophin, BW birth weight, MoM multiple of median, PAPPA pregnancy associated plasma protein A)