Table 1 Framework for a two phase, multi site study to examine the effects of food fortification with folic acid

I. Rates of NTDs

Determine rate of NTD-affected pregnancies, pre and post fortification

Newfoundland population

Newfoundland

II. Dietary assessment*

Determine dietary intake of folate, pre and post Fortification

A) Non-pregnant women of childbearing age (19–44 years), not taking supplements containing folic acid;

St. John's, Rural Newfoundland

III. Blood analysis*

Determine blood folate and vitamin B₁₂ status, pre and post fortification

B) Seniors (65 years or older) not taking supplements containing folic acid or B₁₂ supplement and not diagnosed with anaemia.

St. John's, Rural Newfoundland

IV. Knowledge and intake of folic acid supplements

Determine knowledge and consumption of folic acid supplements, pre and post fortification

Non-pregnant women of childbearing age (19–44 years)

St. John's, Rural Newfoundland