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Table 5 Adjusted odds ratios for risk of low birthweight using full model

From: Racial discrepancies in the association between paternal vs. maternal educational level and risk of low birthweight in Washington State

 

Mother White

Mother Non-White

 

OR*

p-value

OR*

p-value

Maternal Education †

 

<0.0001

 

0.13

<12

1.49

 

0.85

 

12

1.17

 

0.95

 

13–15

1.11

 

1.08

 

> = 16

referent

 

referent

 

Paternal Education †

 

0.0001

 

.04

<12

1.30

 

1.40

 

12

1.20

 

1.25

 

13–15

1.10

 

1.11

 

> = 16

referent

 

referent

 

Maternal Race

 

n/a

 

0.08

White

n/a

 

n/a

 

Hispanic

n/a

 

referent

 

Black

n/a

 

1.43

 

Asian or Pacific Islander

n/a

 

1.28

 

Native American or Other

n/a

 

1.11

 

Paternal Race

 

0.90

 

0.001

White

Referent

 

0.73

 

Hispanic

0.94

 

Referent

 

Black

0.99

 

1.21

 

Asian or Pacific Islander

1.00

 

0.87

 

Native American or Other

0.89

 

1.34

 

Maternal Age (years)

 

<.0001

 

0.004

19–24

referent

 

referent

 

25–29

1.17

 

1.17

 

30–34

1.25

 

1.34

 

> = 35

1.61

 

1.53

 

Paternal Age (years)

 

0.4

 

0.048

19–24

referent

 

referent

 

25–29

1.09

 

0.75

 

30–34

1.09

 

0.67

 

> = 35

1.09

 

0.82

 

Marital Status

 

0.05

 

0.035

yes

1.09

 

1.20

 

no

referent

 

referent

 

Insurance

 

<.0001

 

0.42

Commercial / HMO

referent

 

referent

 

Medicaid

1.25

 

0.93

 

Uninsured

0.94

 

1.09

 

Maternal Smoking

 

<.0001

 

<.0001

yes

2.10

 

1.74

 

no

referent

 

referent

 

Maternal Alcohol Use

 

0.13

 

0.01

yes

1.17

 

1.03

 

no

referent

 

referent

 

Parity (number of prior births)

 

<.0001

 

<.0001

0

referent

 

referent

 

1–3

0.54

 

0.65

 

> = 4

0.57

 

0.71

 
  1. White denotes infants whose mother was white. Non-white denotes infants whose mother was Black, Asian, Hispanic, Native American, or Other. For categorical variables, p-values correspond to the significance of the omnibus Wald test for the entire variable, not a specific category. Model also adjusts for immigration status, initiation of prenatal care after the 1st trimester, and maternal diabetes. * OR: adjusted odds ratio. n/a: not applicable. †Years of education completed.