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Table 1 Clinical characteristics, lipid profiles, blood pressure measurements and stiffness measures of the non-pregnant and pregnant groups by trimester

From: Carotid artery elasticity decreases during pregnancy - the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study

Variable ± SD

Non-pregnant (N = 99)

First trimester (N = 33)

Second trimester (N = 32)

Third trimester (N = 29)

p-value

Age (years)

32.2 ± 4.8

31.2 ± 4.0

31.6 ± 4.2

32.9 ± 5.7

0.330

Height (cm)

166.3 ± 6.6

166.4 ± 5.2

166.7 ± 5.0

165.5 ± 6.7

0.740

Weight (kg)

68.4 ± 13.5

65.4 ± 8.6

72.8 ± 11.8

77.3 ± 15.3

0.002

Gestation weeks

 

11.3 ± 3.3

23.3 ± 4.4

33.2 ± 2.9

 

BMI (kg/m2)

24.7 ± 4.9

23.7 ± 3.6

26.2 ± 3.9

27.9 ± 4.9

0.002

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.0 ± 0.8

4.6 ± 0.7

6.3 ± 1.0

6.9 ± 1.1

<0.001

LDL (mmol/l)

3.1 ± 0.8

2.6 ± 0.5

3.6 ± 0.8

3.9 ± 1.0

<0.001

HDL (mmol/l)

1.4 ± 0.3

1.5 ± 0.2

1.7 ± 0.3

1.9 ± 0.4

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.1 ± 0.5

1.2 ± 0.5

2.1 ± 1.0

2.7 ± 1.0

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

116 ± 13

111 ± 10

112 ± 13

113 ± 15

0.836

DBP (mmHg)

71 ± 10

64 ± 7

65 ± 9

71 ± 13

0.032

SI

5.50 ± 2.44

5.15 ± 1.67

6.47 ± 2.34

8.07 ± 3.13

<0.001

YEM (mmHg/mm)

900 ± 439

805 ± 278

1030 ± 428

1412 ± 695

<0.001

CAD (%/10 mmHg)

2.24 ± 0.87

2.43 ± 0.82

1.99 ± 0.84

1.56 ± 0.59

<0.001

CCD (mm)

5.42 ± 0.42

5.39 ± 0.40

5.60 ± 0.44

5.87 ± 0.50

<0.001

IMT (mm)

0.58 ± 0.08

0.57 ± 0.08

0.56 ± 0.08

0.55 ± 0.07

0.488

BBD (mm)

3.03 ± 0.32

3.05 ± 0.29

3.25 ± 0.25

3.27 ± 0.33

<0.001

FMD%

10.02 ± 4.41

9.56 ± 4.54

9.99 ± 4.90

10.23 ± 5.22

0.883

  1. All values are mean ± SD. ANOVA- test between the three trimesters. BMI, body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood; SI, stiffness index; YEM, Young’s elastic modulus; CAD, carotid artery distensibility; CCD, carotis communis diameter; IMT, carotid intima- media thickness; FMD, flow mediated dilation; BBD, baseline brachial artery diameter.