Skip to main content

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of women and characteristics of pregnancies and deliveries by models of care

From: Public and private pregnancy care in Reggio Emilia Province: an observational study on appropriateness of care and delivery outcomes

 

Model of care

 
 

Public

Private

 

Unclassifiable

Total

 

N

%

N

%

chi2p-value*

N

%

N

Age (by class)

        

15-19

54

2.3

16

0.5

 

17

3.1

87

20-24

419

17.7

132

4.3

 

65

11.9

616

25-29

751

31.7

613

20.1

 

133

24.4

1,497

30-34

672

28.4

1,127

37.0

 

182

33.4

1,981

35-39

384

16.2

911

29.9

 

125

22.9

1,420

40+

89

3.8

244

8.0

p < 0.00005

23

4.2

356

Educational level

        

High

309

13.0

949

31.2

 

96

17.6

1,354

Medium

836

35.3

1,558

51.2

 

243

44.6

2,637

Low

1,224

51.7

536

17.6

p < 0.00005

206

37.8

1,966

Nationality

        

Italian

866

36.6

2,857

93.9

 

356

65.3

4,079

Non-Italian

1,503

63.4

186

6.1

p < 0.00005

189

34.7

1,878

Parity

        

Nulliparous

975

41.2

1,659

54.5

 

286

52.5

2,920

Multiparous

1,394

58.8

1,384

45.5

p < 0.00005

259

47.5

3,037

Course of pregnancy

        

Physiological

2,101

88.7

2,767

90.9

 

469

86.1

5,337

Pathological

268

11.3

275

9.0

#p = 0.006

76

13.9

619

Missing

0

0.0

1

0.0

 

0

0.0

1

Hospitalization during pregnancy

        

None

2,085

88.0

2,736

89.9

 

473

86.8

5,294

At least one

284

12.0

307

10.1

p = 0.026

72

13.2

663

Assisted reproduction

        

Yes

12

0.5

98

3.2

 

11

2.0

121

No

2,356

99.5

2,945

96.8

#p < 0.00005

534

98.0

5,835

Missing

1

0.0

0

0.0

 

0

0.0

1

Previous caesarean section §

        

None

1,084

77.8

1,057

76.4

 

181

69.9

2,322

At least one

310

22.2

327

23.6

p = 0.38

78

30.1

715

Type of pregnancy

        

Single

2,342

98.9

2,976

97.8

 

530

97.2

5,848

Multiple

25

1.1

67

2.2

 

14

2.6

106

Missing

2

0.1

0

0.0

p = 0.0012

1

0.2

3

Gestational age (weeks)

        

<37

152

6.4

255

8.4

 

62

11.4

469

> = 37

2,214

93.5

2,781

91.4

#p = 0.006

480

88.1

5,475

Missing

3

0.1

7

0.2

 

3

0.6

13

Newborn presentation

        

Cephalic

2,251

94.1

2,863

94.1

 

508

93.2

5,622

Other presentations

118

5.9

180

5.9

p = 0.14

37

6.8

62

Number of check ups

        

<=3

110

4.6

31

1.0

 

32

5.9

173

>3

2,259

95.4

3,012

99.0

#p < 0.00005

512

93.9

5,783

Missing

0

0.0

0

0.0

 

1

0.2

1

Gestational age at first check up (week)

        

<=12

1,853

78.2

2,858

93.9

 

460

84.4

5,171

>12

512

21.6

179

5.9

#p < 0.00005

83

15.2

774

missing

4

0.2

6

0.2

 

2

0.4

12

Antenatal classes

        

No

1,967

83.0

1,928

63.4

 

405

74.3

4,300

Yes, public family clinics

335

14.1

519

17.1

 

77

14.1

931

Yes, public hospital

32

1.4

493

16.2

 

49

9.0

574

Yes, private structure

2

0.1

93

3.1

#p < 0.00005

6

1.1

101

Missing

33

1.4

10

0.3

 

8

1.5

51

Hospital

        

LHU Montecchio

322

13.6

293

9.6

 

39

7.2

654

LHU Guastalla

401

16.9

393

12.9

 

70

12.8

864

LHU Scandiano

430

18.2

217

7.1

 

72

13.2

719

LHU Castelnovo ne’ Monti

2

0.1

10

0.3

 

5

0.9

17

Hospital Santa Maria Nuova

967

40.8

1,361

44.7

 

217

39.8

2,545

Hospitals outside the province

247

10.4

769

25.3

p < 0.00005

142

26.1

1,158

Outcome

        

Mode of delivery

        

Vaginal not operative

1,620

68.4

1,938

63.7

 

331

60.7

3,889

Vaginal with forceps

2

0.1

0

0.0

 

0

0.0

2

Vaginal with suction cup

105

4.4

138

4.5

 

22

4.0

265

Caesarean section

642

27.1

967

31.8

p = 0.0002

192

35.2

1,801

Number of ultrasound scans

        

0-2

110

4.6

17

0.6

 

27

5.0

154

3

1,080

45.6

298

9.8

 

140

25.7

1,518

> = 4

1,179

49.8

2,726

89.6

#p < 0.00005

377

69.2

4,282

Missing

0

0.0

2

0.1

 

1

0.2

3

Total

2,369

100.0

3,043

100.0

 

545

100.0

5,957

  1. §only multiparous women were considered.
  2. *probability of equal distribution in public and private care, chi2.
  3. #Missing values are excluded.
Back to article page

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

Contact us