Table 2 Association between phases of labour with interventions, mode of delivery, maternal complications and fetal outcomes (N = 500)

Oxytocin use

Yes

84 (33.6)

52 (20.8)

1.956

1.715

10.343

0.001

No

166 (66.4)

198 (79.2)

Artificial rupture of membranes

Yes

96 (38.6)

56 (22.4)

1.794

1.580

15.124

<0.0001

No

154 (61.6)

194 (77.6)

C/S

Yes

88 (35.2)

60 (24.0)

1.759

1.190

9.333

0.002

No

162 (64.8)

190 (76.0)

Reasons for c/s

Fetal distress

Yes

61 (24.4)

25 (10.0)

3.421

1.711

12.525

0.001

No

26 (75.6)

35 (90.0)

CPD

Yes

13 (5.2)

17 (6.8)

0.515

0.233

2.751

0.097

No

72 (94.8)

42 (93.2)

Obstructed labour

Yes

14 (5.6 )

18 (7.2)

8.999

6.445

8.706

0.013

No

76 (94.4)

41 (92.8)

Mode of delivery

SVD

Yes

153 (61.2)

179 (72.0)

0.589

0.404

7.607

0.006

No

97 (38.8)

71 (28.0)

Assisted vaginal delivery

Yes

10 (4.0)

11 (4.4)

1.105

0.461

11.207

0.824

No

240 (96)

239 (95.6)

Maternal complications

Genital tears

Yes

38 (15.6)

101 (18.6)

8.999

6.445

8.706

0.013

No

212 (84.4)

149 (81.4)

PPH

Yes

17 (6.6)

46 (18.4)

20.222

11.899

9.945

0.001

No

223 (93.4)

204 (81.6)

Apgar scores

≤7

48 (19.2)

35 (14.0)

0.891

0.564

6.072

0.108

>7

202 (80.8)

215 (86.0)

Neonatal ICU admission

Yes

32 (12.8)

23 (9.2)

0.152

1.521

2.033

0.362

No

218 (87.2)

227 (90.8)