Table 3 Bivariate analysis of the factors associated with recurrent exclusive psychological violence
Recurrent psychological violence | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | n | % | PR* | 95 CI** | p*** | |
Level 1 | ||||||
Age range of the pregnant woman (years, n = 1.078) | 0.136 | |||||
25 or more | 612 | 30.3 | 1 | |||
14 to 19 | 125 | 32.8 | 1.08 | 0.82 | 1.42 | |
20 to 24 | 341 | 36.6 | 1.21 | 1.01 | 1.45 | |
Age range of the partner (years, n = 878) | 0.324 | |||||
25 or more | 646 | 29.1 | 1 | |||
20 to 24 | 211 | 33.6 | 1.16 | 0.92 | 1.48 | |
14 to 19 | 21 | 38.1 | 1.31 | 0.75 | 2.29 | |
Skin color of the pregnant woman (n = 1.022) | 0.043 | |||||
Crossbred | 691 | 30.1 | 1 | |||
Black | 169 | 34.3 | 1.14 | 0.89 | 1.45 | |
White | 145 | 37.2 | 1.24 | 0.97 | 1.57 | |
Yellow/Oriental | 17 | 52.9 | 1.76 | 1.11 | 2.79 | |
Schooling of the pregnant woman (n = 1.078) | 0.048 | |||||
Elementary | 810 | 31.1 | 1 | |||
Middle | 135 | 33.3 | 1.07 | 0.83 | 1.39 | |
Higher | 133 | 41.3 | 1.33 | 1.06 | 1.67 | |
Schooling of the partner (n = 862) | 0.493 | |||||
Middle | 637 | 28.8 | 1 | |||
Higher | 73 | 31.5 | 1.09 | 0.76 | 1.56 | |
Elementary | 152 | 33.5 | 1.16 | 0.90 | 1.49 | |
Remunerated job of the pregnant woman (1.078) | 0.714 | |||||
No | 566 | 32.1 | 1 | |||
Yes | 512 | 33.2 | 0.97 | 0.82 | 1.15 | |
Family income in minimum wages (n = 1,047) | 0.380 | |||||
<1 | 40 | 27.5 | 1 | |||
1 to <3 | 604 | 30.9 | 1.12 | 0.67 | 1.89 | |
3 to <5 | 252 | 35.3 | 1.28 | 0.75 | 1.18 | |
≥5 | 151 | 36.4 | 1.32 | 0.77 | 2.29 | |
Brazilian economic class (n = 1.028) | 0.071 | |||||
C | 692 | 30.2 | 1 | |||
D/E | 159 | 36.4 | 1.21 | 0.95 | 1.52 | |
A/B | 177 | 37.8 | 1.25 | 1.01 | 1.56 | |
Who is the family head (n = 1.075) | 0.152 | |||||
Partner | 655 | 30.5 | 1 | |||
Pregnant woman | 109 | 33.9 | 1.11 | 0.83 | 1.48 | |
Others | 311 | 36.6 | 1.20 | 0.99 | 1.44 | |
Difference in schooling (n = 862) | 0.137 | |||||
Pregnant woman < residing intimate partner | 83 | 22.8 | 1 | |||
No difference | 604 | 29.4 | 1.29 | 0.85 | 1.95 | |
Pregnant woman > residing intimate partner | 175 | 34.8 | 1.52 | 0.97 | 2.37 | |
Difference in occupation (n = 868) | 0.150 | |||||
Pregnant woman < residing intimate partner | 160 | 23.7 | 1 | |||
No difference | 565 | 31.8 | 1.34 | 0.99 | 1.82 | |
Pregnant woman > residing intimate partner | 143 | 32.1 | 1.35 | 0.94 | 1.95 | |
Level 2 | ||||||
Material dimension of social support <75th percentile (n = 1,078) | 0.001 | |||||
No | 327 | 24.1 | 1 | |||
Yes | 751 | 36.3 | 1.50 | 1.21 | 1.86 | |
Affective dimension/positive social interaction of social support <75th percentile (n = 1,078) | 0.001 | |||||
No | 311 | 23.1 | 1 | |||
Yes | 767 | 36.5 | 1.58 | 1.26 | 1.97 | |
Emotional dimension/social support information <75th percentile (n = 1,078) | 0.001 | |||||
No | 294 | 23.1 | 1 | |||
Yes | 784 | 36.2 | 1.57 | 1.25 | 1.968 | |
Level 3 | ||||||
Smoking during pregnancy (n = 1,078) | 0.006 | |||||
No | 1045 | 32.0 | 1 | |||
Yes | 33 | 51.5 | 1.60 | 1.141 | 2.26 | |
Use of illicit drugs up to 3 months before the current pregnancy (n = 1.078) | 0.018 | |||||
No | 1063 | 32.4 | 1 | |||
Yes | 12 | 58.3 | 1.79 | 1.10 | 2.92 | |
Alcohol abuse by the pregnant woman during pregnancy (n = 1,076) | 0.008 | |||||
No | 980 | 31.5 | 1 | |||
Yes | 96 | 43.7 | 1.39 | 1.09 | 1.77 | |
Number of sex partners (n = 1,067) | 0.002 | |||||
1 | 330 | 29.0 | 1 | |||
2 to 5 | 632 | 31.8 | 1.09 | 0.89 | 1.34 | |
6 or more | 105 | 45.7 | 1.57 | 1.20 | 2.05 | |